equine forelimb anatomy Flashcards
what is the chestnut
vestigial horn pad
1st metacarpal bone
structure of ulna and radius in horses
fused
no rotation
no annular ligament
triceps muscle only 3 heads
what is the bursa
fluid filled cushion that protects the tendons
where is the tricipital bursa
between tendon and olecranon process
where is the subcutaneous bursa
between skin and tendon of insertion of triceps
what is the carpal bone that is not present in horses
1st
what passes through the carpal canal of the horse
DDFT AND SDFT
function of tendon sheath
protects tendon in confined spaces
what is the weight bearing bone
3rd metacarpal = cannon bone
what are the 2nd and 4th mc bones called
splint bones
structure of proximal phalanx
long pastern bone
raised V on palmar surface
structure of middle phalanx
short pastern bone
what extensor attaches to coffin bone
common digital extensor
dorsal surface of coffin bone
striations - hoof attachment and blood vessels
function of proximal sesamoids
protect SDFT and DDFT
what is the navicular bone
distal sesamoid
2 flat articular surfaces
covered with hyaline cartilage
cancellous centre
vascular channels
what is navicular disease syndrome
erodes with age
bone dissolves
what is the fetlock
MC3 and PP
synovial joint
movement of fetlock
natural position is extension
limited to flexion and extension
function of suspensory ligaments
prevent collapse of fetlock during weight bearing
return fetlock from from hyperextension to normal extended position
what are the 4 sesamoidean ligaments
cruciate
short
oblique ligament
straight ligament
what does function of the metacarpal phalangeal joint (fetlock) rely on
interaction between
suspensory ligament
proximal sesamoids
sesamoidean ligaments
common digital extensor tendon
what is the proximal interphalangeal joint
pastern joint
in between proximal and middle phalanx
limited to flexion and extension
what is the distal interphalangeal joint
coffin joint buried within hoof
composed of middle p and distal p
distal sesamoid and dp
distal sesamoid mp
flexion and extension some rotation
what separates the DIP joint from the navicular bursa
impar ligament
function of lateral/ungual cartilages
shock absorption
extensor tendons
common digital extensor
lateral digital extensor
flexor tendons
SDFT
DDFT
what is the scutum
cartilage shield that allows smooth passage for tendons
function of annular ligament
hold DDFT and SDFT against bones
