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forelimb > equine forelimb anatomy > Flashcards

equine forelimb anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

what is the chestnut

A

vestigial horn pad
1st metacarpal bone

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2
Q

structure of ulna and radius in horses

A

fused
no rotation
no annular ligament
triceps muscle only 3 heads

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3
Q

what is the bursa

A

fluid filled cushion that protects the tendons

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4
Q

where is the tricipital bursa

A

between tendon and olecranon process

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5
Q

where is the subcutaneous bursa

A

between skin and tendon of insertion of triceps

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6
Q

what is the carpal bone that is not present in horses

A

1st

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7
Q

what passes through the carpal canal of the horse

A

DDFT AND SDFT

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8
Q

function of tendon sheath

A

protects tendon in confined spaces

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9
Q

what is the weight bearing bone

A

3rd metacarpal = cannon bone

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10
Q

what are the 2nd and 4th mc bones called

A

splint bones

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11
Q

structure of proximal phalanx

A

long pastern bone
raised V on palmar surface

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12
Q

structure of middle phalanx

A

short pastern bone

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13
Q

what extensor attaches to coffin bone

A

common digital extensor

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14
Q

dorsal surface of coffin bone

A

striations - hoof attachment and blood vessels

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15
Q

function of proximal sesamoids

A

protect SDFT and DDFT

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16
Q

what is the navicular bone

A

distal sesamoid
2 flat articular surfaces
covered with hyaline cartilage
cancellous centre
vascular channels

17
Q

what is navicular disease syndrome

A

erodes with age
bone dissolves

18
Q

what is the fetlock

A

MC3 and PP
synovial joint

19
Q

movement of fetlock

A

natural position is extension
limited to flexion and extension

20
Q

function of suspensory ligaments

A

prevent collapse of fetlock during weight bearing
return fetlock from from hyperextension to normal extended position

21
Q

what are the 4 sesamoidean ligaments

A

cruciate
short
oblique ligament
straight ligament

22
Q

what does function of the metacarpal phalangeal joint (fetlock) rely on

A

interaction between
suspensory ligament
proximal sesamoids
sesamoidean ligaments
common digital extensor tendon

23
Q

what is the proximal interphalangeal joint

A

pastern joint
in between proximal and middle phalanx
limited to flexion and extension

24
Q

what is the distal interphalangeal joint

A

coffin joint buried within hoof
composed of middle p and distal p
distal sesamoid and dp
distal sesamoid mp
flexion and extension some rotation

25
Q

what separates the DIP joint from the navicular bursa

A

impar ligament

26
Q

function of lateral/ungual cartilages

A

shock absorption

27
Q

extensor tendons

A

common digital extensor
lateral digital extensor

28
Q

flexor tendons

A

SDFT
DDFT

29
Q

what is the scutum

A

cartilage shield that allows smooth passage for tendons

30
Q

function of annular ligament

A

hold DDFT and SDFT against bones

forelimb (9 decks)

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