Structural Geology

Question 1

Law of Original Horizontality

Answer 1

applies to sedimentary rocks

bc sediments settle out of water under the influence of gravity, sediments are generally deposited in horizontal layers

Question 2

Structural Geology

Answer 2

the branch of geology dealt with forces, shapes, arrangements and interrelationships of rock units

Question 3

Tectonic Forces - Stress

Answer 3

the forces acting on a rx unit that tends to change the size or shape of that rx unit

Question 4

Stress

Answer 4

• Tensional(căng)
• Compressional(ép)
• Shear(keo)

Question 5

Strain

Answer 5

• Plastic Strain: Forces removed, rx doesn’t return to original shape
• Elastic: Forces removed, return to original shape
• Brittle: rxs are broken, faults, fractures

Question 6

Folds

Answer 6

bends in layered rx

the result of plastic deformation

Question 7

Fold Geometry

Answer 7

1) Anticline: a fold bent around a Horizontal line & dip away from HL
2) Syncline: bent around a horizontal line & dip toward the HL

Question 8

Anticline

Answer 8

• A fold bent around a horizontal line

- Limbs slope (dip) away from the HL

Question 9

Syncline

Answer 9

• Bent around a Horizontal Line

- Lims slope (dip) toward the HL

Question 10

Plunging Fold

Answer 10

Horizontal line is not horizontal

Question 11

Structural Dome

Answer 11

Bed dip away from a central point (cap shape)

Question 12

Structural Basin

Answer 12

Bed dip toward a central point

Question 13

Strike

Answer 13

the line formed by the intersection of an inclined plane( the bedding surface) and a horizontal plane (image a water line)

Question 14

Dip

Answer 14

the max angle btw the horizontal plane and the bedding surface
Direction + Angle