STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING Flashcards
______ designs the structural
systems and structural elements in buildings,
bridges, stadiums, tunnels, and other civil
engineering works (bones)
Structural Engineer
Name different forces acting in structures
Forces induced by gravity
Forces induced by wind
Forces induced by earthquakes
Forces induced by rain/snow
Fluid pressures
Pertains to moving Loads like vehicles. This type of load is transient.
Live Loads
Permanent loads. Pertains to self-weight of structure and attachments.
Dead Loads
What type of force is in relation to wind and earthquake?
Lateral Force
What are the 4 forces that act in structural elements?
TENSION, COMPRESSION, BENDING, TORSION
What are the 3 typical structural systems?
Arch, Truss, Frame
It is the force applied over the area
Stress
Strain Formula
Amount of Deformation / Initial Length (DL/Lo)
Change in the shape of object when stress is applied
Strain
4 types of stress
linear-elastic, Non-linear elastic, Elastic-plastic, Non-Linear plastic
Components of a concrete
Sand (Fine Aggregate)
Gravel (Coarse Aggregate)
Cement (Binder)
Water
Air
Property related to deformation
Stiffness (Rigidity)
Two main types of stiffness
o Axial stiffness
o Bending stiffness
Ability to withstand a given stress without failure
Strength
Forces are a type of quantity called _____
Vectors
Forces are defined by ______ and ____
Magnitude, direction
Formula for moment of force
Force x Distance
To neutralize rotation about point A, moments from the two
forces has to be ____ and _____
equal, opposite
WHAT DOES A STRUCTURAL ENGINEER DO?
Design of New Bridges & Buildings
Retrofit of Old Buildings
Retrofit of Historic Building
Shoring and Excavation Design
Repair of Damaged Buildings
Development of New Technology
