Structural and Rough Carpentry Flashcards
What type of carpentry includes the structural framing sheathing blocking and pieces necessary to prepare the building for finish work?
Rough Carpentry
Timber is lumber with a ____ minimum sectional dimension?
5in
What type of trees do SOFT woods come from?
Conifers
What type of trees do HARD woods come from?
Deciduous Trees
What direction does wood handle tensile stress better in. Perpendicular or Parallel?
Perpendicular
Wood is weakest when what type of force is applied to it?
Horizontal Shear Force
Name the 6 defects that can be found in wood?
Knots, Checks, Pitch Pockets, Shakes, Splits, and Wanes.
What is a check?
A check is a separation of the wood fibers occurring across or through the annual growth rings.
What is a pitch pocket?
A pitch pocket is an open area between growth rings
What is a split?
A split is similar to a check, but extends completely through. Generally occurs at the ends
What is a wane?
The presence of bark, or the absence of wood from any cause on the edge or corner of a piece of lumber.
What are the two primary classifications of softwood lumber?
Yard lumber-used for structural and rough opening Factory and Shop Lumber- used for making doors, frames, windows, and finish items
How is lumber priced?
by the board foot.
What is a board foot?
A nominal 1’x1’x1” piece of wood with actual dimensions being, 11.25”x11.25”x.75”
At what moisture percentage is wood considered dimensionally stable, but when it dries it will shrink substantially?
0.3
What percentage does the moisture level in wood have to fall below to be considered dry lumber?
0.19
What percentage does the moisture level in wood have to fall below to be considered kiln dry lumber?
0.15
What are the two types of structural plywood?
Types 1 and 2
What are the classification of veneer grade plywood?
N -intended for natural finish and is made from all heartwood and sapwood A -is smooth and paintable B -allows for plugged not holes, but has smooth surface C -allows for small knotholes and small splits D -allows for even larger notholes
T/F, OSB is more susceptible to delimitation than plywood.
True, if used for exterior sheathing it must be under short term exposure to weather, and the glue must be waterproof
What is bridging?
It is the method of bracing between joists to prevent buckling
what is a S.I.P.
A SIP is a Structural Insulated Panel, it is prefabricated and considered a green building element
What are the standard manufactured dimensions of glulam?
3 1/8”, 5 1/8”, 6 3/4”, 8 3/4”, 10 3/4” 12 1/4”
What are the three appearance grade types for glulam beams?
Industrial, architectural, and premium
For heavy wood frame construction what are the two special timber connectors used?
Split rings, and shear plates
What is Creosote?
Creosote is a wood treatment that protects against insects, and is typically found in outdoor application like railroad ties, and marine timbers
What is Pentachlorophenol?
A preservative used to treat utility poles and bridge timbers, sometimes it is used on glulam beams in exterior applications
What is copper quat? (ACQ)
A water based clean odorless and nonstaining wood protectant , great for building applications. However ACQ is very corrosive with certain types of fasteners.
What is sodium borate? (SBX)
A water based clean odorless and nonstaining wood protectant , great for building applications.
What two wood treatments were being phased out by 2003 by the EPA and why?
Chromated copper arsenate (CCA) and Ammoniacal copper zinc arsenate (ACZA). Because of their arsenic content
T/F When cuts are made to treated wood, the exposed area should be treated with a copper naphthenate solution containing at least 2% copper.
TRUE
Where is the greatest shrinkage in wood?
Radial Shrinkage
T/F The stands of OSB are oriented in the same manner in each layer as the grain of the veneer.
TRUE
T/F The stands of Plywood are oriented in the same manner in each layer.
False, The stands of Plywood are perpendicular to the layer before it
On rated sheathing what does the number 32/16 mean?
It means it can be used as roof sheathing on top of roof joists up to 32” OC and 16” OC for floor joists
T/F THe long dimension of a sheet of sheathing must be placed perpendicular to the length of the support member.
TRUE
What are the three exposure durability classifications?
Exterior- suitable to be permanently exposed Exposure 1- Glued with Waterproof glue, can be structural Exposure 2 - Suitable for panels that will be fully protected from weather
What types of nails should be used with western red cedar?
Hot dipped galvanized, aluminum, and stainless steel. All others will corrode
