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CLASS 21025 MSK > STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL ORGANIZATION OF THE LOWER EXTREMITY MSK SYSTEM > Flashcards

STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL ORGANIZATION OF THE LOWER EXTREMITY MSK SYSTEM Flashcards

1
Q

Two hip bones that are each composed of

A

(1) Ilium
(2) Ischium
(3) Pubis

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2
Q

Which part of the hip bone is the largest, most superior portion

A

Ilium

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3
Q

Which portion of the hip bone is the “sit bone”

A

Ischium

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4
Q

Which portion of the hip is the lower anterior portion

A

pubis

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5
Q

What forms the socket for the head of the femur

A

Acetabulum

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6
Q

what is Formed by articulation of the ischium and pubis

A

Obturator Foramen

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7
Q

Largest foramen in the body

A

Obturator Foramen

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8
Q

What muscle Flexes and rotates thigh laterally

A

Psoas major

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9
Q

What muscle Flexes and rotates thigh laterally

A

Iliacus

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10
Q

What muscle Extends and rotates thigh laterally

-Helps lock knee in extension

A

Gluteus maximus

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11
Q

What muscle Abducts and rotates thigh medially

A

Gluteus medius

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12
Q

What muscle Flexes and abducts thigh at hip joint

-Helps lock knee in extension

A

Tensor fascia latae`

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13
Q

What muscle Adducts, rotates, and flexes thigh at hip joint

A

Adductor longus

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14
Q

What muscle Adducts, flexes, rotates, and extends thigh at the hip joint

A

Adductor magnus

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15
Q

What muscle External rotation of thigh laterally and abducts

A

Piriformis

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16
Q

What muscle Flexes and adducts thigh

A

Pectineus

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17
Q

Strongest bone in the body.

A

Femur

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18
Q

The femur Articulates with the

A

patella and tibia at distal end

Head articulates with the acetabulum

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19
Q

Develops in the tendon of the quadriceps femoris muscle

A

Patella

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20
Q

Functions of the Patella

A

(a) Provides leverage for the quadriceps muscle

(b) Protect the knee

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21
Q

Larger, medial, weight bearing bone of the lower leg

A

Tibia

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22
Q

Attachment site for the patella ligament

A

Tibial tuberosity

23
Q

None weight bearing bone in the lower leg

A

Fibula

24
Q

How does the fibula attach to the tibia

A

via the interosseous membrane

25
Q

(1) Extends from the patella to the tibial tuberosity

(2) Strengthens anterior surface of the knee

A

Patellar ligament

26
Q

What ligament Strengthens the medial aspect of the knee

A

Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL)

27
Q

What ligament Strengthens the lateral aspect of the knee

A

Lateral Collateral Ligament (LCL)

28
Q

What ligament

(1) Extends posteriorly and laterally from the tibia to femur
(2) Limits hyperextension of the knee and prevents anterior sliding of the tibia on the femur

A

Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL)

29
Q

What ligament

(1) Extends anteriorly and medially from the tibia to the femur
(2) Prevents posterior sliding of the tibia on the femur

A

Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL)

30
Q

fibrocartilage discs that fit between tibial and femoral condyles

A

Menisci (Medial and lateral menisci)

31
Q

Sac filled structures filled with fluid and reduce friction

A

Bursae

32
Q

Where in the knee can you find bursae

A

(c) Prepatellar
(d) Pen anserine
(e) Infrapatellar
(f) Suprapatellar

33
Q

What muscle

(1) Adducts and medially rotates thigh
(2) Flexes leg at the knee

A

Gracilis

34
Q

What muscle Adduct the femur

A

Adductor magnus / adductor longus / pectineus

35
Q

What muscle

(1) Extends the knee
(2) Flexes the hip
(a) Located anterior to other quadriceps muscles

A

Rectus feoris

36
Q

What muscle Extend the knee

A

Vastus lateralis, medialis, and intermedius

37
Q

What muscle

(1) Flexes the knee
(2) Weakly flexes the hip
(3) Abducts and laterally rotates the thigh

A

Sartorius

38
Q

What muscle

(1) Extends thigh at the hip
(2) Flexes the leg at the knee joint

A

Biceps femoris (hamstrings)

39
Q

What muscle

(1) Extends the thigh at the hip
(2) Flexes leg at the knee

A

Semitendinosis

40
Q

What muscle

(1) Extends the thigh at the hip
(2) Flexes leg at the knee

A

Semimembranosis

41
Q

What forms the ankle mortis

A

(1) Formed by distal end of tibia and fibula
(2) Tibia forms the medial malleolus
(3) Fibula forms the lateral malleolus

42
Q

What are the seven bones of the ankle

A

(1) Large talus (ankle bone)
(2) Calcaneus (heel bone)
(3) Cuboid (lateral)
(4) Navicular (medial)
(5) Cuneiforms (numbered 1-3 medial to lateral)

43
Q

(lateral ankle)

What ligament Extends from talus to fibula

A

Anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL)

44
Q

(lateral ankle)

What ligament Extends from calcaneus to fibula

A

Calcaneofibular ligament (CFL)

45
Q

(lateral ankle)

What ligament Extends from talus to fibula

A

Posterior talofibular ligament (PTFL)

46
Q

(medial ankle)
What ligament
(a) Four ligaments fused into one
(b) Connects the tibia to the talus, calcaneus, and navicular bones

A

Deltoid ligaments

47
Q

Which muscle Dorsiflexes and inverts the foot

A

Tibialis anterior

48
Q

Which muscle

(1) Dorsiflexes and everts the foot
(2) Extends toes

A

Extensor digitorum longus

49
Q

Which muscle Plantar flexes and everts foot

A

Fibularis longus

50
Q

Which muscle

(1) Plantarflexes foot
(2) Flexes leg at the knee

A

Gastrocneumius

51
Q

Which muscle Plantarflexes foot

A

Soleus

52
Q

Which muscle Plantarflexes and inverts foot

A

Tibialis posterior

53
Q

Which muscle

(1) Plantarflexes foot
(2) Flexes toes

A

Flexor digitorum longus

CLASS 21025 MSK (24 decks)

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