STRUCTURAL AND BUILDING MATERIALS Flashcards
The production growth in increase of demands of structural and building demands has led to a production position a ____% gain during a comparative five year period, escalating nearly Php ____ billion in 1990 to Php ____ billion in 2000
125% gain during a comparative five-year period, escalating from nearly PHP 6.0 billion in 1990 to PHP 13.5 billion in 2000.
Key commodities in the construction and building materials sector
marble, pumice/pumicite, rock aggregates, rock asphalt, sand, and gravel and volcanic tuff
a crystalline rock composed predominantly of calcite, dolomite or serpentine, known for its ability to take a good polish
marble
_______, often synonymous with marbleized limestone, is particularly noted for its decorative qualities
fossiliferous marble
In 1980-2002 the output of unprocessed marble reach _____, valued approximately PhP ________.
269,952 cubic meters, valued at approximately PHP 313.5 million.
The total reserve of marbleized limestone in the Philippines is estimated at _______
3.575 billion cubic meters
____is a light-colored, porous volcanic glass, while _____, also known as volcanic ash or dust, consists of finer particles with similar composition and texture. These materials are valued for their abrasiveness, inertness, and lightness.
Pumice ; pumicite
Pumice and pumicite are used as
(1) lightweight aggregates
(2) pozzolan cement
(3) abrasives
(4) soil conditioners
(5) filtration media
(6) insulation materials
Major deposits of pumice are found in
Juban, Sorsogon, with other occurrences in Angeles, Pampanga, and Buhi, Camarines Sur.
The largest pumice and pumicite deposit in Juban, Sorsogon, holds an estimated reserve of ________, contributing to a national total of approximately _____
21.878 million metric tons; 23.760 million metric tons.
Pumice and pumicite are products of explosive volcanism during the _________
Pliocene and Quaternary periods
a structural and building material that consist of andesite, basalt, limestone, marble, metavolcanic rocks and others crushed and sized for use in construction
rock aggregates
uses of rock aggregates
inert filler in the mixture of concrete and as ballast.
When was the steady decline where there was no production reported of rock aggregates
1960 to 1972
A revival in demand of rock aggregates saw peak production years in _____, followed by fluctuations in output and prices
1978
The estimated rock aggregate reserves are substantial with ______
1..659 billion cubic meters blocked from existing quarries and prospects.
True or False: High porosity is preferable to increase the water requirement in concrete mixtures, affecting the concrete’s strength and durability.
false
True or False:
Rock aggregates containing reactive forms of silica can cause expansion and cracking in concrete
True
is a natural asphalt with bitumen impregnated in sedimentary rocks like limestone and sandstone, found in certain geological formations.
rock asphalt
It is primarily used as a binding material in road pavements due to its adhesive properties and durability
rock asphalt
The mining of rock asphalt in the Philippines has a historical precedent, with the _______________ operating from _____ until ____ in Brgy., Balite, Villaba, Leyte
Manila Rock Asphalt Company operating from 1948 until 1963
In 1956, estimated potential ore reserves were significant, with ______ documented, including _________as positive reserves
355,000 tons; 180,000 tons
are fundamental to the construction industry, serving as primary raw materials for concrete, roads, buildings, and other infrastructure projects. Their properties significantly affect the strength, durability, and workability of concrete.
sand and gravel
