STRUCTURAL AND BUILDING MATERIALS

Question 1

The production growth in increase of demands of structural and building demands has led to a production position a ____% gain during a comparative five year period, escalating nearly Php ____ billion in 1990 to Php ____ billion in 2000

Answer 1

125% gain during a comparative five-year period, escalating from nearly PHP 6.0 billion in 1990 to PHP 13.5 billion in 2000.

Question 2

Key commodities in the construction and building materials sector

Answer 2

marble, pumice/pumicite, rock aggregates, rock asphalt, sand, and gravel and volcanic tuff

Question 3

a crystalline rock composed predominantly of calcite, dolomite or serpentine, known for its ability to take a good polish

Answer 3

marble

Question 4

_______, often synonymous with marbleized limestone, is particularly noted for its decorative qualities

Answer 4

fossiliferous marble

Question 5

In 1980-2002 the output of unprocessed marble reach _____, valued approximately PhP ________.

Answer 5

269,952 cubic meters, valued at approximately PHP 313.5 million.

Question 6

The total reserve of marbleized limestone in the Philippines is estimated at _______

Answer 6

3.575 billion cubic meters

Question 7

____is a light-colored, porous volcanic glass, while _____, also known as volcanic ash or dust, consists of finer particles with similar composition and texture. These materials are valued for their abrasiveness, inertness, and lightness.

Answer 7

Pumice ; pumicite

Question 8

Pumice and pumicite are used as

Answer 8

(1) lightweight aggregates
(2) pozzolan cement
(3) abrasives
(4) soil conditioners
(5) filtration media
(6) insulation materials

Question 9

Major deposits of pumice are found in

Answer 9

Juban, Sorsogon, with other occurrences in Angeles, Pampanga, and Buhi, Camarines Sur.

Question 10

The largest pumice and pumicite deposit in Juban, Sorsogon, holds an estimated reserve of ________, contributing to a national total of approximately _____

Answer 10

21.878 million metric tons; 23.760 million metric tons.

Question 11

Pumice and pumicite are products of explosive volcanism during the _________

Answer 11

Pliocene and Quaternary periods

Question 12

a structural and building material that consist of andesite, basalt, limestone, marble, metavolcanic rocks and others crushed and sized for use in construction

Answer 12

rock aggregates

Question 13

uses of rock aggregates

Answer 13

inert filler in the mixture of concrete and as ballast.

Question 14

When was the steady decline where there was no production reported of rock aggregates

Answer 14

1960 to 1972

Question 15

A revival in demand of rock aggregates saw peak production years in _____, followed by fluctuations in output and prices

Answer 15

1978

Question 16

The estimated rock aggregate reserves are substantial with ______

Answer 16

1..659 billion cubic meters blocked from existing quarries and prospects.

Question 17

True or False: High porosity is preferable to increase the water requirement in concrete mixtures, affecting the concrete’s strength and durability.

Answer 17

false

Question 18

True or False:
Rock aggregates containing reactive forms of silica can cause expansion and cracking in concrete

Answer 18

True

Question 19

is a natural asphalt with bitumen impregnated in sedimentary rocks like limestone and sandstone, found in certain geological formations.

Answer 19

rock asphalt

Question 20

It is primarily used as a binding material in road pavements due to its adhesive properties and durability

Answer 20

rock asphalt

Question 21

The mining of rock asphalt in the Philippines has a historical precedent, with the _______________ operating from _____ until ____ in Brgy., Balite, Villaba, Leyte

Answer 21

Manila Rock Asphalt Company operating from 1948 until 1963

Question 22

In 1956, estimated potential ore reserves were significant, with ______ documented, including _________as positive reserves

Answer 22

355,000 tons; 180,000 tons

Question 23

are fundamental to the construction industry, serving as primary raw materials for concrete, roads, buildings, and other infrastructure projects. Their properties significantly affect the strength, durability, and workability of concrete.

Answer 23

sand and gravel