FERTILIZER MINERALS Flashcards
Significance of fertilizers
They provide essential nutrients required for plant growth.
* Correct nutrient deficiencies and amend soil properties to improve fertility.
* Play a crucial role in global food production by enhancing crop yield and quality.
are natural substances or minerals that are used either as direct fertilizers
or as raw materials in the production of compound fertilizers. These include guano,
phosphate rock, limestone, dolomite, magnesite, peat, pyrite, and sulfur.
fertilizer mineral
N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S are crucial for plant health and are typically
supplied by fertilizer minerals
soil-supported nutrients
– C, H, O are derived from air and water and are needed in large quantities.
macronutrients
the accumulated excrement and remains of birds and bats, provide the most important organic source of phosphorus and nitrogen.
guano
Under ideal conditions, the rate of deposition of modern guano deposits is as thick as _____ per year
8 to 10 cm
The initial search for and investigation of guano deposits dated back in ____, when V.E. Elicaño of the then Division of Mines, Bureau of Science assessed guano bearing caves in_______
1922; Dumarao, Capiz
The local guano deposits are confined to ________ and ____ which
are the natural habitat or breeding ground of birds (swallows) and bats.
limestone caves and caverns
Guano deposits show wide variability from average of ___ to ___ % in phosphorous pentoxide in content
1.5% to 36%
The local guano deposits are classified into ___, ____, and ______, each differing in physical and chemical characteristics
(1) fresh guano; (2) phosphatic soil;
and (3) phosphatized guano
_______ usually dark chocolate brown, soft, oblong, and about the size of a grain of palay which eventually disintegrates into pulverulent masses.
Fresh guano
a classification of guano that contains
nitrogen, ranging from less than 1 to 6 percent; phosphorous pentoxide from 0.25 to 10
percent, and occasionally with potash.
fresh guano
produced by the mixing of transported soil material with
droppings and remains of bats and birds deposited inside the cave, is relatively loose
and much lighter in color than fresh guano.
phosphatic soil
On the average,
samples of phosphatic soils gathered from several caves in the region yield total
phosphorus pentoxide of about _______
4 to 12 percent.
true or false: Phosphatic soil guano is generally light orange to yellowish
brown and enriched not only with phosphates but also with lime owing to the admixed
limestone particles that have not been fully disintegrated into soils.
true
underlies the phosphatic soil in a normal sequence
of guano deposition, relates to the comparatively purer and older deposits of guano.
They are porous, friable, hard, compact, and similar to the subjacent phosphatized
limestone, except that they effervesce weakly or not at all in acids. Color varies from shades of brown to cream, violet, and yellow, depending upon the amounts of
impurities
phosphatized guano
Phosphatized high-grade guano deposits carry as much as ___ % of total phosphorous pentoxide
39.7%
A typical sequence of either guano or phosphatized guano is resting on the surface of phosphate rock as preserved in __________ in barangay Kangabohon, municipality of Ronda, Cebu
Kang-abohon Cave
The main source of phosphate in chemical fertilizers.
chloride, fluoride, carbonate, or hydroxyl
forms of apatite,
Two types of phosphate deposits are recognized:
the guano-derived phosphate rock and the open-cut deposits
