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EOS parasitology > Strongylida 2 > Flashcards

Strongylida 2 Flashcards

1
Q

superfamily Trichostrongyloidea general characteristics?

A
  • small worms (7-30mm)
  • abundant in ruminants
  • absence of leaf- crowns
  • greatly reduced or absent
  • buccal capsule
  • well developed bursa
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2
Q

Trichostrongyloidea general symptoms? (8)

A
  • abomasitis, anaemia, oedema, necrosis, reduction in weight gain, chronic diarrhoea, emaciation, death
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3
Q

Haemonchus trichostrongyloidea impact on host?

A
  • blood-letting. Reduces blood packed cell volume and haemoglobin level in sheep
  • each worm may remove 0.05 mis of blood per day, L4s and adults puncture blood vessels in stomach wall
  • therefore 500 = 250mls of blood per day, the anaemia can be fatal and can occur acutely
    therefore light infections not dangerous - heave infections significant
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4
Q

Trichostrongyles trichostrongylus spp. what are they? Where are they found?

A
  • Superfamily 1
  • black scour worms of sheep and cattle
  • mostly small intestine
  • summer and winter rainfall areas
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5
Q

List three species of Trichostrongylus and where they are found in the animal and climate

A
  • Haemonchus controtus (H. placei = cattle barber’s pole worm) = (Abomasum, winter rainfall and temperate climates)
  • Ostertagia and telodorsagia (abomasum, winter rainfall and temperate climates)
  • Cooperia (cattle- small intestine)
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6
Q

Dictyocaulus

A

have species fo(cattle, equids, sheep, goats)

  • lungworm of ruminants- bronchial tree
  • These worms are soon likely to be reclassified as metastronglyes, based on molecular evidence
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7
Q

Dictyocaulus life cycle?

A
  • eggs hatch in lungs
  • L1-L3s in faeces
  • L3 ingested
  • invade
  • moult
  • travel by lymphatics and blood to lungs
  • Burst through alveoli
  • Adults in lung
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8
Q

Ancylostomatoidea general names and general distinct features

A
  • superfamily 2
  • Hookworms
  • Strongylids (males bursate)
  • Buccal capsule has plates or teeth
  • mouth reflected dorsally
  • drinks blood
  • large numbers harmful
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9
Q

Ancylostoma Ancylostomatoidea

A

dog/cats hookworms

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10
Q

Uncinaria ancylostomatoidea

A

dog/cats hookworms

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11
Q

Bunostomum ancylostomatoidea

A

Ruminants

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12
Q

Ancylostoma caninum life cycle

A
  • per-cutaneous penetration

ingestion by dog (oral mucosa penetration or direct to go tract)

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13
Q

ancylostoma paramedic hosts?

A

partial development in this host larvae undergoes development arrest in muscles

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14
Q

ancylostoma transmammary and transplacental migration?

A

Transmammary = specifically for ancylostoma caninum

transplacental migration

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15
Q

Tracheal migration?

A

process where a nematode in tissue migrates to lung and bursts into alveolar lumen. worms are then carried up bronchial tree and are swallowed

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16
Q

explain ground itch

A

larval migration - cutaneous larva migrans

17
Q

strongyloidea

A

Superfamily 3
large intestine, caecum parasites
buccal capsule large
parasites of horse, ruminants, pigs

18
Q

The two main groups of Strongyloidea in horses?

A
  1. Largestrongyles
    • Eg Strongylus vulgaris
    – Susceptible to anthelmintics in larval stages
  2. Cyathostomes - small strongyles or red worms
    – Not susceptible to anthelminthics in Larval stages
19
Q

Strongyles vulgaris life cycle + the penetration stages?

A

after ingestion

  • penetrate Intestinal mucosa, moults to L4s by 7 days after infection
  • L4s penetrate submucosal arteries
  • 14 days its at the cranial mesenteric artery
  • after 3-4 months of development it migrates back to the SI
20
Q

three genus of strongylus and which one is most pathogenic

A

S. edentates, S. vulgaris, S.equinus
most pathogenic = vulgaris (as it disrupts blood flow)
all are less common in domestic horses, due to anthelminthics

21
Q

Cyanthostomes, why is it an important pathogen?

A

many species

important pathogens not killed by anthelmintics in histotrophic tissue phases very common in horses 🐴

22
Q

Superfamily Metastrongyloidea general structural components

A

bursa of male angiostrongylus, metastrongyloids have reduced buccal capsules and reduced bursa in males

23
Q

Metastrongylodiea general characteristics and life cycle

A

lung worms
adults found in lung tissues or blood vessels surrounding lungs
an important species in Australia
angiostrongylus cantonensis

24
Q

alelurostrongylus abstrusus?

A
  • cat lung worm
  • disease? often clinical signs absent
  • cough, wasting, shortness of breath
  • indirect life cycle: cat-mollusc but also paratenic hosts (lizard, frog)
25
Q

Strongylids summary 5 points from Male slides

A
  • learn features of major groups
  • life cycles of all groups
  • larval dynamics of trichostrongyles (NB… the dynamics apply to other strongylids as well)
  • Dog hookworm - tracheal migration
  • angiostrongylus

EOS parasitology (10 decks)

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