stroke drugs Flashcards
what is a stroke?
a syndrome of rapid onset of cerebral deficit, lasting more than 24 hours, or leading to death
name of a mini-stroke
transient ischaemic attack
what is a thromboembolic infarction?
when a blood clot stops the flow of blood to the brain
what is intracranial haemorrhage?
when blood leaks into the brain
examples of fibrinolytic agents used to treat stoke?
alteplase, reteplase, urokinase, streptokinase
function of fibrinolytic agents?
activates plasminogen which converts into plasmin - the body’s own clot buster
mechanism of anti-platelet drugs?
modify coagulation, modify platelet aggregation, modify clot and thrombus breakdown.
examples of anti-platelet drugs?
aspirin, dipyridamole, clopidogrel, abciximab
mechanism of aspirin, dipyridamole and clopidogrel?
inhibits platelet aggregation and thrombus formation by preventing GPIIa/IIIb receptor expression
mechanism of abciximab?
prevents GPIIa/IIIa receptor interaction, prevents linking of platelets for fibres
problems with aspirin?
although it can stop blood clots, it can cause more bleeding.
what triggers the clotting cascade?
damaged tissue or exposed collagen
examples of anticoagulant drugs
warfarin and heparin
mechanism of heparin?
activation of anti-thrombin III
mechanism of warfarin?
acts on the liver the inhibit the enzyme vitamin K reductase - it is a vitamin K antagonist
