Stroke Flashcards
Is stroke always sudden?
yes
What are examples of stroke mimics.
bleeding into a brain tumour migraine Todd's palsy after a seizure hypoglycaemia Bell's palsy functional/pretending
Number 1 investigation?
CT to tell you if it is haemorrhagic or infarct
What is the only type of haemorrhage that is a stroke?
IntraCEREBRAL
Causes of haemorrhagic stroke?
BLOOD (anticoagulants/bleeding issue) VESSEL WALL (hypertension, vessel wall snaps)
What make up circle of willis?
anterior, middle and posterior cerebral arteries
When one artery in circle of willis is occluded chronically, what happens?
will cope because of collaterals
When one artery in circle of willis is occluded acutely, what happens?
STROKE
Top third of brain is supplied by what vessels?
large vessels and their interconnecting branches
The deeper part of brain is supplied by what?
separate set of tiny vessels; perferators
Do perforators interconnect?
no, each supply a small area of brain on own
Strokes from perforators are small vessel strokes, also known as what?
Lacunar strokes
What is a thrombus?
clot that has not travelled
What is an embolus?
clot that breaks off and travels
Do perforator strokes affect cortex?
NO - too deep
If cortical function is affected, where has stroke affected?
cortex
What are cortical signs?
higher mental fuction eg communicatoin, cognition
Is dominant or non dominant hemisphere responsible for speech?
dominant
What type of stroke can be missed?
lacunar
What structure if hit can cause hemiparesis?
capsule
Which 4 signs suggest total anterior circulation stroke?
hemiparesis
hemisensory
hemiopia
high function loss eg speech
What makes up Partial anterior circulation stroke?
If high function loss with up to 2 of hemiparesis, hemisensory and hemiopia
Multiple lacunar strokes can lead to what?
vascular dementia
Posterior circulation stroke?
coordination, double vision, ataxia issues
Investigations in stroke?
bloods
ECG - AF
carotidy artery US
