Stroke Flashcards

(43 cards)

1
Q

sudden onset of focal neurologic deficit caused by disruption in the blood supply to the brain lasting >24 hours

A

stroke, CVA, brain attack

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2
Q

sudden onset of focal neurologic deficit caused by disruption in the blood supply to the brain lasting

A

TIA

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3
Q

cause of ischemic stroke

A

thrombosis or embolis

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4
Q

cause of hemorrhagic stroke

A

subarachnoid or intracerebral bleeds

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5
Q

people with these 2 things are at high risk for embolic stroke

A

chronic a-fib

prosthetic heart valves

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6
Q

people with these disorders are at high risk for thrombolic stroke

A

atherosclerosis, DM, HTN

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7
Q

sxs of stroke

A

numbness of face, arm or leg
trouble seeing
confusion, trouble speaking or understanding
trouble with walking, dizziness, loss of balance or coordination
sudden severe HA

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8
Q

acute management goals for stroke pt

A

maintain life
prevent further brain damage
reduce disabilities

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9
Q

maximum time after onset of sxs that tPA can be given

A

3 hours

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10
Q

must have a score of what on the stroke scale to get tPA

A

> 22

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11
Q

you can see this type of stroke on a CT initially

A

hemorrhagic

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12
Q

tPA cannot be given for these reasons

A
taking coumadin
surgical procedure within last 14 days
aneurysm
neoplasm
head injury/surgery in last 3 mo.
GI/GU bleeding
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13
Q

blood glucose must be above what to given tPA and why

A

50 or above because hypoglycemia can mimic signs of stroke

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14
Q

following a stroke, pts will be given these meds

A
antiHTN
heparin/coumadin
antiplatelet
dilantin (reduce seizure)
decadron
nimodipine
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15
Q

prior to giving tPA you must make sure all what have been completed

A

invasive procedures

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16
Q

these factors increase the risk of hemorrhagic stroke

A

HTN
alcohol/drug use
anticoagulants
blood clotting disorders

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17
Q

sxs of subarachnoid hemorrhage

A
usually none but some may be:
"worst HA of my life"
V/N
photophobia
stiff neck
loss of consciousness
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18
Q

cause of ischemic stroke

A

thrombosis or embolis

19
Q

cause of hemorrhagic stroke

A

subarachnoid or intracerebral bleeds

20
Q

people with these 2 things are at high risk for embolic stroke

A

chronic a-fib

prosthetic heart valves

21
Q

people with these disorders are at high risk for thrombolic stroke

A

atherosclerosis, DM, HTN

22
Q

sxs of stroke

A

numbness of face, arm or leg
trouble seeing
confusion, trouble speaking or understanding
trouble with walking, dizziness, loss of balance or coordination
sudden severe HA

23
Q

acute management goals for stroke pt

A

maintain life
prevent further brain damage
reduce disabilities

24
Q

maximum time after onset of sxs that tPA can be given

25
must have a score of what on the stroke scale to get tPA
>22
26
you can see this type of stroke on a CT initially
hemorrhagic
27
tPA cannot be given for these reasons
``` taking coumadin surgical procedure within last 14 days aneurysm neoplasm head injury/surgery in last 3 mo. GI/GU bleeding ```
28
blood glucose must be above what to given tPA and why
50 or above because hypoglycemia can mimic signs of stroke
29
sudden onset of focal neurologic deficit caused by disruption in the blood supply to the brain lasting >24 hours
stroke, CVA, brain attack
30
following a stroke, pts will be given these meds
``` antiHTN heparin/coumadin antiplatelet dilantin (reduce seizure) decadron nimodipine ```
31
prior to giving tPA you must make sure all what have been completed
invasive procedures
32
these factors increase the risk of hemorrhagic stroke
HTN alcohol/drug use anticoagulants blood clotting disorders
33
sxs of intracerebral hemorrhage
partial or total loss of consciousness N/V unilateral weakness or numbness in arm, leg, face severe HA
34
sxs of subarachnoid hemorrhage
``` usually none but some may be: "worst HA of my life" V/N photophobia stiff neck loss of consciousness ```
35
``` bedrest/quiet atmosphere HOB 15-30 degrees constant assessment of BP avoid ICP stressors monitor fluids ```
nursing management for increased ICP
36
optimal BP for increased ICP
140/80, maintains perfusion
37
ICP stressors
sneezing, suctioning, straining, vagal stim
38
in a TIA there is a rapid onset of what
extremity weakness/numbness aphasia/dysarthria visual field blindness/diplopia
39
if a carotid artery is occluded this much it should be treated
49%
40
medical tx of a carotid occlusion
antiHTN antiplatelet anticoagulant
41
``` aphasia slow cautious behavior task anxiety quick anger speech and language issues memory impairment ```
left hemisphere brain attack
42
``` impaired humor disoriented x3 memory impairment loss of depth perception impulsive behavior poor judgment ```
right hemisphere brain attack
43
signs of dysphagia
``` coughing or choking gagging difficulty swallowing drooling wt loss change in dietary habits recurrent pneumonia slurred speech ```