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Neuro Exam > Stroke > Flashcards

Stroke Flashcards

1
Q

sudden onset of focal neurologic deficit caused by disruption in the blood supply to the brain lasting >24 hours

A

stroke, CVA, brain attack

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2
Q

sudden onset of focal neurologic deficit caused by disruption in the blood supply to the brain lasting

A

TIA

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3
Q

cause of ischemic stroke

A

thrombosis or embolis

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4
Q

cause of hemorrhagic stroke

A

subarachnoid or intracerebral bleeds

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5
Q

people with these 2 things are at high risk for embolic stroke

A

chronic a-fib

prosthetic heart valves

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6
Q

people with these disorders are at high risk for thrombolic stroke

A

atherosclerosis, DM, HTN

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7
Q

sxs of stroke

A

numbness of face, arm or leg
trouble seeing
confusion, trouble speaking or understanding
trouble with walking, dizziness, loss of balance or coordination
sudden severe HA

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8
Q

acute management goals for stroke pt

A

maintain life
prevent further brain damage
reduce disabilities

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9
Q

maximum time after onset of sxs that tPA can be given

A

3 hours

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10
Q

must have a score of what on the stroke scale to get tPA

A

> 22

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11
Q

you can see this type of stroke on a CT initially

A

hemorrhagic

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12
Q

tPA cannot be given for these reasons

A 
taking coumadin
surgical procedure within last 14 days
aneurysm
neoplasm
head injury/surgery in last 3 mo.
GI/GU bleeding
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13
Q

blood glucose must be above what to given tPA and why

A

50 or above because hypoglycemia can mimic signs of stroke

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14
Q

following a stroke, pts will be given these meds

A 
antiHTN
heparin/coumadin
antiplatelet
dilantin (reduce seizure)
decadron
nimodipine
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15
Q

prior to giving tPA you must make sure all what have been completed

A

invasive procedures

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16
Q

these factors increase the risk of hemorrhagic stroke

A

HTN
alcohol/drug use
anticoagulants
blood clotting disorders

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17
Q

sxs of subarachnoid hemorrhage

A 
usually none but some may be:
"worst HA of my life"
V/N
photophobia
stiff neck
loss of consciousness
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18
Q

cause of ischemic stroke

A

thrombosis or embolis

19
Q

cause of hemorrhagic stroke

A

subarachnoid or intracerebral bleeds

20
Q

people with these 2 things are at high risk for embolic stroke

A

chronic a-fib

prosthetic heart valves

21
Q

people with these disorders are at high risk for thrombolic stroke

A

atherosclerosis, DM, HTN

22
Q

sxs of stroke

A

numbness of face, arm or leg
trouble seeing
confusion, trouble speaking or understanding
trouble with walking, dizziness, loss of balance or coordination
sudden severe HA

23
Q

acute management goals for stroke pt

A

maintain life
prevent further brain damage
reduce disabilities

24
Q

maximum time after onset of sxs that tPA can be given

A

3 hours

25
Q

must have a score of what on the stroke scale to get tPA

A

> 22

26
Q

you can see this type of stroke on a CT initially

A

hemorrhagic

27
Q

tPA cannot be given for these reasons

A 
taking coumadin
surgical procedure within last 14 days
aneurysm
neoplasm
head injury/surgery in last 3 mo.
GI/GU bleeding
28
Q

blood glucose must be above what to given tPA and why

A

50 or above because hypoglycemia can mimic signs of stroke

29
Q

sudden onset of focal neurologic deficit caused by disruption in the blood supply to the brain lasting >24 hours

A

stroke, CVA, brain attack

30
Q

following a stroke, pts will be given these meds

A 
antiHTN
heparin/coumadin
antiplatelet
dilantin (reduce seizure)
decadron
nimodipine
31
Q

prior to giving tPA you must make sure all what have been completed

A

invasive procedures

32
Q

these factors increase the risk of hemorrhagic stroke

A

HTN
alcohol/drug use
anticoagulants
blood clotting disorders

33
Q

sxs of intracerebral hemorrhage

A

partial or total loss of consciousness
N/V
unilateral weakness or numbness in arm, leg, face
severe HA

34
Q

sxs of subarachnoid hemorrhage

A 
usually none but some may be:
"worst HA of my life"
V/N
photophobia
stiff neck
loss of consciousness
35
Q 
bedrest/quiet atmosphere
HOB 15-30 degrees
constant assessment of BP
avoid ICP stressors
monitor fluids
A

nursing management for increased ICP

36
Q

optimal BP for increased ICP

A

140/80, maintains perfusion

37
Q

ICP stressors

A

sneezing, suctioning, straining, vagal stim

38
Q

in a TIA there is a rapid onset of what

A

extremity weakness/numbness
aphasia/dysarthria
visual field blindness/diplopia

39
Q

if a carotid artery is occluded this much it should be treated

A

49%

40
Q

medical tx of a carotid occlusion

A

antiHTN
antiplatelet
anticoagulant

41
Q 
aphasia
slow cautious behavior
task anxiety
quick anger
speech and language issues
memory impairment
A

left hemisphere brain attack

42
Q 
impaired humor
disoriented x3
memory impairment
loss of depth perception
impulsive behavior
poor judgment
A

right hemisphere brain attack

43
Q

signs of dysphagia

A 
coughing or choking
gagging
difficulty swallowing
drooling
wt loss
change in dietary habits
recurrent pneumonia
slurred speech

Neuro Exam (5 decks)

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