Stroke Flashcards
One common cause of an embolic ischemic stroke is DVT in a patient with a(n):
patent foramen ovale (PFO)
Contralateral homonymous hemianopsia with macular sparing is a visual deficit associated with :
Posterior cerebral artery infarct
he posterior cerebral artery (PCA) supplies the thalamus, which when infarcted can cause thalamic syndrome with :
contralateral sensory abnormalities
- If the PCA of the dominant (usually the left) hemisphere is affected, patients may present with:
- If the PCA of the nondominant (usually the right) hemisphere is affected, patients may present with:
- Alexia without agraphia
- Prosopagnosia
Neuroimaging is indicated for all patients with suspected TIA within 24 hours of presentation to rule out stroke. _______ is the preferred imaging modality
Diffusion-weighted MRI
Besides neuroimaging, What should be initiated in patients with TIA?
Antiplatelet therapy because TIA is associated with a high risk of subsequent stroke
Which stroke subtype is characterized by abrupt neurological symptoms that are typically maximal at the start?
Embolic ischemic stroke
Which artery is likely affected in a stroke resulting in motor / sensory deficits in the lower limb and urinary incontinence?
Anterior cerebral artery
Transient ischemic attack (TIA) is a regional cerebral ischemia that results in focal neurologic deficits lasting:
< 24 hours (majority resolve in < 15 minutes)
Which anterior circulation stroke causes paralysis / sensory loss of the face and upper limb with cortical signs (e.g., aphasia, neglect)?
Middle cerebral artery stroke
Which cerebral artery supplies the language centers (Broca area, Wernicke area)?
Middle cerebral artery
Strokes involving the middle cerebral artery may cause paralysis and sensory loss of:
the contralateral upper limb and face
Can’t speak but can understand:
Broca’s aphasia:
- Telegraphic speech
- Repetition difficulties
- Anomia
- Intact Language comprehension
A pure sensory stroke is caused by diminished perfusion of:
The ventral posterolateral nucleus and/or ventral posteromedial nucleus of the thalamus,
Lacunar infarcts are most commonly associated with:
chronic hypertension, which results in arteriolosclerosis
What is the most common cause of spontaneous lobar (parietal / occipital) intracerebral hemorrhage in the elderly?
Cerebral amyloid angiopathy
Strokes involving the lenticulostriate artery may cause
paralysis and sensory loss of the contralateral entire body
The most common subtype of a(n) lacunar stroke is:
a pure motor stroke, resulting in contralateral hemiparesis of the face, arm, and leg
What is the initial diagnostic test of choice in a patient with suspected acute stroke?
Non-contrast CT scan of the head
Which antiplatelet agent is recommended for all patients within 24 hours of ischemic stroke presentation?
Aspirin
Which type of aphasia is characterized by the following: 1. Fluent speech
2. Impaired comprehension
3. Impaired repetition
Wernicke aphasia (receptive)
Pure motor lacunar strokes are caused by damage to what brain structure secondary to hyaline arteriolosclerosis,?
Posterior limb of the internal capsule
What test is most likely to reveal the underlying etiology of amaurosis fugax?
Carotid duplex ultrasound
