Stretching and ROM

Question 1

the ability of structures to move or be moved to allow the presence of ROM for functional activities

Answer 1

functional ROM

Question 2

the ability of an individual to initiate, control or sustain active movements of the body to perform simple to complex motor skills

Answer 2

functional mobility

Question 3

ability to move a single joint or series of joints smoothly and easily through an unresisted ROM

Answer 3

flexibility or extensibility

Question 4

amount of angular motion allowed at the joint between two bony levers

Answer 4

ROM

Question 5

when a muscle can shorten no more

Answer 5

active insufficiency

Question 6

when a muscle is fully elongated

Answer 6

passive insufficiency

Question 7

Indications of ROM

Answer 7

PROM: recent surgery, acute stage, incapacitated or comatose, during veal, teaching or demonstrating
AAROM: decreased strength, joints above and below immobilized joint
AROM: whenever the pt can do it

Question 8

Contraindications of ROM

Answer 8

when motion is disruptive to the healing process
when pt response or condition is life threatening
Therapists must stay within the range, speed and tolerance of the pt during the acute recovery stage.

Question 9

PROM does not:

Answer 9

prevent muscle atrophy
increase strength or endurance
assist circulation to the same degree active,voluntary muscle contractions do

Question 10

AROM does not:

Answer 10

maintain or increase strength in strong muscles

develop skill or coordination except in the movement patterns used

Question 11

Indications for Stretching

Answer 11

contractures, adhesions, scar tissue formation, leading to shortening of muscles, connective tissues and skin
muscle weakness results from opposing muscle tightness
prior to and after vigorous exercise to minimize post-exercise muscle soreness

Question 12

Contraindications to Stretching

Answer 12

bony blocks
after a recent fracture
acute inflammation
sharp, acute pain
hematoma
hypermobility
increased joint stability caused by contractures

Question 13

type of mobility exercise in which manual, mechanical, or positional stretch is applied to soft tissues and in which the force is applied opposite to the direction of shortening

Answer 13

passive stretching

Question 14

type of stretching exercise in which there is reflex inhibition and subsequent elongation of the contractile elements of muscles

Answer 14

active inhibition

Question 15

conscious effort to relieve tension in muscles

Answer 15

relaxation

Question 16

techniques whereby the pt is taught to stretch a joint or soft tissue by using another part of the body for applying the stretch force

Answer 16

self stretching techniques

Question 17

adaptive shortening of the muscle tendon unit and other soft tissues that cross or surround a joint that results in significant resistance to stretch, limits ROM, and may compromise functional abilities

Answer 17

contracture

Question 18

process of stretching some muscle groups while selectively allowing others to adaptively shorten to improve function

Answer 18

selective stretching

Question 19

when would you use selective stretching

Answer 19

for a pt with paralysis

Question 20

where should you stabilize while you stretch?

Answer 20

the proximal attachment while the distal segment moves

helps to maintain proper alignment

Question 21

what is the intensity placed while stretching?

Answer 21

low load, low intensity

Question 22

How long should a stretch be held for?

Answer 22

30-60 seconds

Question 23

What is the strongest collagen fiber?

Answer 23

tendon

Question 24

stretch receptor
located toward the meat of the muscle
transmits info about velocity and duration of stretch
are aligned parallel to muscle fibers

Answer 24

muscles spindle

Question 25

located near the musculotendinous junction
sensitive to tension form passive stretch and active muscle contraction
inhibits tension

Answer 25

golgi tendon organ