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MSK II > Stretching and ROM > Flashcards

Stretching and ROM Flashcards

1
Q

what is the difference between ROM and stretching

A

ROM is maintaining joint motion and stretching is gaining joint motion

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2
Q

What are the different types of ROM

A
  • passive
  • active
  • active assisted
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3
Q

Why use PROM instead of AROM

A
  • controlled force
  • healing process could be disrupted with muscle contraction
  • when patient cannot peforme AROM, and ROM is indicated
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4
Q

what are the types of PROM

A

manual and mechanical

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5
Q

What are indications for ROM

A
  • synovial slowed movement
  • increase/assist ciruculatin
  • maintain/gain ROM
    maintain soft tissue and joint integrity
  • prevent/minimize contractures
  • stress to articular cartilage
  • proprioceptive input to receptors
  • promotion of parallel letdown of collagen
  • assist with healing
  • maintain elasticity of muscles
  • sensory feedback from MST units
  • increase circulation
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6
Q

What are the different principles of stretching

A
  • load deformation
  • creep
  • stres relaxation
  • preconditioning
  • tissue restraints
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7
Q

What are the two phases of viscoelasticity

A

fluid and solid phase

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8
Q

what is the fluid phase of viscoelasticity

A

viscosity; rate dependent

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9
Q

what is the solid phase of viscoelastcit y

A

elasticity; rate independent

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10
Q

what is the determinant of viscoelasticity

A

Water

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11
Q

What is creep

A

constant load, deformation or strain increases over time

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12
Q

what is stress relaxation

A

constant deformation or strain, force stress decreases over time as you hold a stretch it becomes easier to hold that stretch

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13
Q

what is a clinical application for creep

A

apply constant load over time, to increase tissue length (traction)

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14
Q

what are the components of stress relaxation

A
  • the force required to hold a tissue at a set length decreases over time
  • so decrease fore needed to maintain strength length
  • decrease force will probably allow relaxation and comfort, and potentially stretch further
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15
Q

what is a clinical application of stress relaxation

A

force distal to the joint to stretch tissue

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16
Q

What the different types of stretching

A

hi load brief stretch (HLBS) and low load prolonged stretch (LLPS)

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17
Q

what is HLBS

A
  • mostly viscous restorations
  • elastic deformation, some plastic maybe
  • change in tissue length/joint ROM is seen in mins, but is this change in ROM permanent
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18
Q

what is the frequency of HLBS

A

typically 30 sec-1 min x 3-5 reps, 1-3xday

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19
Q

What is LLPS

A
  • viscous and elastic restraints
  • plastic deformation, most likely some tissue tearing
  • biological remodeling or growth
  • gain is hopefully permanent
20
Q

What is the frequency of LLPS

A

typically 10-60 min a day

21
Q

What should you consider when deciding on what stretch to do

A
  • irritability
  • phase of healing
  • stage of injury
  • state of the tissue (healthy or unhealthy)
  • monitor tissue for any changes
  • manual or mechanical
  • active inhibition
22
Q

What should you be looking for during stretching

A
  • pain
  • inflammatory response
  • ROM of joint
  • functional changes
23
Q

What is the goal for health tissue when warming up

A

Warm up for other activity and prevention of injury

24
Q

What kind of stretching would you want to do with Healthy tissue

A

HLBS

25
Q

What are the goals for stretching unhealthy tissue

A

Gaining joint motion and gaining tissue length that is limiting motion

26
Q

What kind of stretching would you want to do with unhealthy tissue

A

LLPS

27
Q

What would you use to perform a manual stretch

A

You or them

28
Q

What would you use for a mechanical stretch

A

Pulleys, serial casting, weights

29
Q

What would you have pt do for active inhibition

A
  • Hold relax or contract relax via golgi tendon organ
  • agonist contraction via reciprocal inhibition
  • HR with AC; also known as hold relax contract: via GTO and RI
30
Q

What is an example of active inhibition (HR or CR) – NEED TO REAB MORE ABOUT THIS

A

isometric contraction of ms you are trying to stretch

31
Q

Would contracting your biceps for 6-10 secs prior to stretching elbow into ext be an example of

A

active inhibition (autogenic)

32
Q

what’re two types of active inhibition (AC)

A

reciprocal inhintion or autogenic inhibition

33
Q

What is active inhibition (AC)

A

isotonic contraction of agonist muscle of the motion you are trying to increase, while you are stretching antagonists

34
Q

What would contracting your triceps w/ resistance while also stretching into elbow ext be an example

A

active inhibition (reciprocal inhibition)

35
Q

What would indications be for stretching

A
  • ROM is limited due to soft tissue
  • ROM limits may lead to structural deformities
  • ROM limits affect function
36
Q

What would be precautions or contraindications for stretching

A

fx, OA, beyond normal ROM, inflamed tissue, Bony block, abnormal amount of pain, trauma

37
Q

What kind of stretching may actually impair performance and not have any benefit of prevention injury

A

static stretching

38
Q

What is the purpose of warming up

A

prevention of injury and pyshcological benefits

39
Q

What can warming up help prevent or reduce

A
  • ms injury
  • lactate build up
  • ischemic CV changes and arrhythmias
40
Q

What is the purpose of a cool down

A

venous return, thereby prevention pooling of blood in extremities

  • venous return, thereby increasing cardiac output and thus preventing fainting
  • oxidation of metabolic waste
  • preventing CV complications
41
Q

Why is LLPS used for stretching unhealthy tissue

A

function and ROM

42
Q

How long would you need to stretch to increase ROM in young healthy tissue

A

15-30 secs

43
Q

How long would the elderly need to stretch to increase ROM

A

4 stretches of 60 seances a day

44
Q

What is the general recommendation for stretching

A

3x30 seconds, but if older 4x60 seconds

45
Q

What are characteristics of HLBS

A
  • stretching of healthy tissue
  • elastic + pastic deformation
  • increase ROM
  • 3x30 secs or 4x60; depends on age
  • no effect on reducing MSK injuries
46
Q

What are characteristics of LLPS

A
  • stretching unhealthy tissue
  • primarily plastic deformation
  • increase AROM
  • 10-50 min for TERT

MSK II (10 decks)

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