Stretching and PNF Flashcards
What is the term for the point of force beyond which tissue won’t return to former shape/size when force is removed?
Elastic limit
What is the term for the ability of a tissue to return to its previous shape or size following the application of a force?
Elasticity
What is the term for the ability to deform without return to prior shape?
Plasticity
What term is the property of a fluid to resist loads that produce shear and flow?
Viscosity
What effect does warming muscles have on viscosity?
Reduces it
Viscosity is dependent upon what idea?
Time
How does faster movement affect viscosity?
Increases it
What is thixotropy?
The concept that mechanical vibration causes change to substances from a gel/solid to liquid
In what way does thixotropy apply to muscles?
Muscle becomes stiff with disuse and more mobile with movement
What are some of the contraindications for stretching?
Bony block limiting motion, recent nonunion fracture, acute inflammation/infection, soft-tissue healing, hematoma, hypermobility
What is the cause of stretch-induced strength loss?
Decreased electrical activity and motor unit recruitment (shouldn’t stretch before performance, usually resistance in nature)
What specific type of stretching can decrease performance if done prior?
Static stretching without muscle activation
What kinds of stretching should be done before a resistance exercise?
Dynamic
How long should a static stretch be held to be sufficient enough to increase ROM?
30 seconds
What are 2 types of static stretching?
Active self, passive partner
Is there additional benefit in holding a stretch for 60 seconds compared to 30?
NO
What are the 2 types of dynamic stretching?
Ballistic and active dynamic
What type of stretching involves rapid alternating movements to end-range (“bouncing” at end-range)?
Ballistic stretches
What is the downfall to ballistic stretching?
Increase injury risk
When should ballistic stretching be used?
Certain sports in healthy athletes like gymnastics or martial arts (not for injury recovery)
What type of stretching involves moment through a full-range where you start off slowly and gradually pick up speed and increased ROM?
Active dynamic stretching
What does PNF stand for?
Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation
Herman Kabat is behind which stretching technique?
PNF
Which stretching technique involves stimulating distal segments to get increased proprioception of proximal segments?
PNF
Herman Kabat used PNF back in the day on patients with what condition?
Cerebral palsy
What was the philosophical principle behind PNF?
Untapped potential of the patient
What are the 3 components of the Spiral-Diagonal Plane of PNF?
Flexion/Extension, Rotation, Toward and Across Midline
According to the PNF Spiral-Diagonal Patterns, each extremity has how many patterns of motion?
2 (diagonal one and diagonal two)
What shoulder motions are involved with D1 flexion?
Arm finishes in flexion, adduction, and external rotation
What shoulder motions are involved with D1 extension?
Arm finishes in extension, abduction, and internal rotation
Which is compared to grabbing a seat belt in the car: D1 or D2?
D1