stressors in the environment Flashcards
Outline th additional research by Glass and singer
IV:
Volume-participants were exposed to different volumes of a range of urban sounds (56db to 108db)
predictability -sometimes the noise was predictable at others it wasnt
percieved control-some participants were shown a switch and told they could stop the noise by pressing it
ways to measure: cognitive tasks- including impossible puzzles ( testing resillience)
The greatest negative effects on performance occured when the noise was
LOUD + UNPREDICTABLE + LOW PPERCIEVED CONTROL
what is the key study and the 4 additional studies of stressors in th environment
Black and Black
Glass and Singer
Kenrick and Macfarlane
Ellis
Lundberg
outline the additional study by kenrick and macfarlane
75 drivers
controls:
39 male
36 female
16-65 years
31-46 degrees
green light set for 12 seconds
- when the light turns red wait for subject to pull in behind her. The confederate stayed stationary for the ehole 12 seconds
An observer hidden from view counted number of honks and honk length and time till the first honk
what were the results from kenrick and macfarlane
Positive correlation between temperature and the amount of time spent honking
over 34 degrees over 50% of participant sleant on horn for half the time
outline the additional study by lundberg
compared 2 different groups of passengers on the same jpurney. The journey lasted a total of 72 minutes
low densiy group- thosewho boarded first / got a seat
high density group- those who boarded halfway through the journey
Results
-Participants who boarded later while it was more crowded had more adrenaline in their urine tan people in the low density group
Outline the additional study by ellis
-The assumption is that if people are feeling overly stressed then they are thinking irrationally
irrational thoughts can cause stressors to become worse
ABCDE method
A- activating event (stressor)
B-beliefs (about the stressor)
C-consequences ( the actions to avoid the stressor)
D- disrupting (questioning the irrational beliefs)
E- effects (of this disrupting might include HW to try out techniques that may set new ratiomnnal beliefs
What is the aim of black and blacks study into aircraft noise exposure and residents stress and hypertension
-Is health related quality of life worse in a community chronically exposed to aircraft noise than in a community not expsoed
-is long term aircraft noise exposure associated with high blood pressure
what is the sample of bblack and blacks study
Questionnaires mailed out to 1500 homes- of which 704 completely responded
-aircraft noise exposure when volume above 70db more than 50 times a day
-control area 55 km away frim the airport (south penrith)
what was the procedure of black and black study
health measured in relation to general health, vitality and mental health
hypertension assessed in asking a serie of questions aboutthe respondants medical history in relation to cholestorol ad blood pressure
annoyance from noise
