recycling and other conservation behaviours Flashcards
what are the key study and the 4 additional studies
Lord
The yale model of persuasion
Positiv reinforcement
luyben and bailey
cialdini
outline the additional study of the yale model of persuasion
Suggests that there are 4 major factors involed in persuasive communication:
-The source (credible)
-The message
-The recipient
The situation (informal)
outline the additional study by cialdini
Social norms
researchers randomly assigned cards with 5 different messages on to 260 guest rooms at a hotel
e.g help save the environment
join your fellow citizens to help save the environment
20% more reused thier towls in the social norm condition
Outline the key research by positive reinforcement
Operant conditioning
- positive reinforcement can be shown by promoting good behaviours y giving a reward
For example oregon 1971
first state to pass a bottle bill
5 cents for every can or bottle returned
returns rose to 90 %
Outline the additional research by luyben and bailey
They went to a holiday home park where they chose to
increase the number of recycling bins from 1 to 6 and childrens were given toys if they recycled their newspaper
Results
52% increase in the proximity condition
92% in the reward condition
ehat was the aim of lords study into motivating recycling behaviours
Aimed to study the effectiveness of message approaches and sources on peoples beliefs and actions towards community rcycling programmes
What was the sample of Lord
140 households (20 per condition)
-slight bias because they didnt go to the inner city due t osafety of student s
What was the method od lord
1)on kerbside collection day of the first week, student assistants discreetly observed and recorded on an observation from the contents of each test households bin
Total number of items in the bin
Categories these fall in
2)On the following day, they left a stimulus message at the front door of each household, avoiding face-face contact and not caried out on the control group
3) each group recieved one of the following messages
Advert + positively framed
Advert + negatively framed
news article + positively framed
news articl e+negatively framed
personal letter +positively framed
personal letter +negatively framed
4)on kerbside collection day the following week the bins wre observed with the toal number and the categories they fell under as well as giving a questionnare to the adult member of the household most involved in recycling
what were the results of lord
overall increase from the positivelu framed messages
Optimal is personal negative
discuss the validity of research into recycling and other conservation behaviours
Point- Research into recycling and other conservation behaviours can be seen as having poor population validity
Example- For example in our key research by Lord the sample contains only 140 households but none from the inner city due to safety concerns
Explain- This means that research into recycling and other conservation behaviours can be seen as not being reprasentative of the city they are studying
Counter argument- However the sample may be generaliseable to the target population of suburbal city livers
Discuss whether research into recycling and other ocnservation behaviours is reductionist or hollistic
Point- Research into recycling and other conservational behaviours can be seen as hollistic becuase it looks at many factors
For example the yale model of persuasion looks at The source the recipient the message.
Explain- This shows that multiple different factors are being analysed to see about persuasion
Counter argument- However it may be difficult to see which factor is mos influential
Give one applicaion of the recycling and other conservation area
Increase umber of bins
reward for doing a behaviour
The source recipient etc
personal ngative framed letter
social norms 0
