Stress And Health Flashcards
A state brought on by any situation that threatens or appears to threaten a person’s sense of well-being
Stress
A situation that triggers the stress response
Stressor
A short-term stressor that has a clear endpoint
Acute stressor
A long-term stressor that often lacks a definite endpoint
Chronic stressor
An emotion experienced when the pursuit of a goal is thwarted
Frustration
can be caused by acute or chronic stress
The expectation or demand that someone act in a certain way
Pressure
Suggests that having lots of anxiety can help you with simple tasks. But for more complicated tasks, having lots of anxiety does not help at all.
Yerkes-Dodson Law or Inverted U hypothesis
Everyday annoyances that contribute to higher stress levels
Daily hassles or “Micro-stressors”
What kind of stress are traffic jams, spilled coffee when in a rush, or talkative co-workers??
Minor hassles
What is the physiological response?
Fight or flight
- Activation of the sympathetic nervous system
. . . Norepinephrine/epinephrine - Activation of the HPA-Axis
. . . Cortisol
active efforts to master, reduce, or tolerate demands of stress
Adaptive and maladaptive
Coping
Realistic assessment of stress and resources
Recognizing and regulating disruptive emotional reactions from self
Dealing with source of the stress directly
Changing behaviours or environments to reduce impact of stressor
Problem-focused coping
Thinking about the stressor in a different way that is less stressful
Cognitive reappraisal
Thinking about emotional response as manifestation of deeper issue
Leaning into emotion
Passivity produced by unavoidable exposure to negative events
Learned helplessness
Self-defeating and unrealistic self-criticality
Catastrophic thinking
Angry outbursts as a vent for pent up frustration
But research does not support its cathartic effect
Lashing out
Coping with stress through comforting indulgences
Successful if the stressor is transient and simple
Unsuccessful if stressor is systemic and complex
Self-indulgence
Conscious/unconscious use of defence mechanisms
Research suggests that these only largely avoid the problem but can help in call doses
Defensive coping
Stress caused by unpleasant situations or circumstances
Distress
Optimal level of stress needed to promote physical and psychological health
Eustress
Easy tasks benefit from high stress
Moderate tasks, moderate stress
Complex tasks, low stress
