stress adaption (class 10)

Question 1

selye’s GAS

Answer 1

stage 1: alarm
stage 2: resistance
stage 3: exhaustion

Question 2

physiological response to stressors

Answer 2

muscle tension, stiff neck, HA, nail biting, dry mouth, cardiac dysrhythmias, increased blood glucose, increased urinary frequency or decrease output, diarrhea or constipation, weight or appetite changes, hyperventilation, chest pain.

Question 3

adaptive responses

Answer 3

proper nutrition. exercise. adequate sleep & rest periods. leisure activities, time management

Question 4

maladaptive responses

Answer 4

consume excess caffeine, abuse alcohol, smoking, chewing tobacco, street drug use, abuse of OTC meds, avoiding social activities.

Question 5

addictive disorders

Answer 5

caffeince, nicotine, drugs, alcohol. a compulsive preoccupation with obtaining the substance, loss of control over consumption, and development of tolerance and dependence on the substance.

Question 6

abuse

Answer 6

continued use of substance for at least 1 month in a way that is inconsistent with social norms.

Question 7

dependence

Answer 7

use of substance is no longer under control of person for at least 3 months. substance used regardless of adverse effects.

Question 8

tolerance

Answer 8

initial amount no longer elicits the same response need more of substance to get desired effect.

Question 9

withdrawal

Answer 9

wide array of symptoms that occur in dependent person who stops use of substance.

Question 10

effects of alocohol on body

Answer 10

dirupts sleep cycle & quality of sleep.
intensifies obstructive sleep apnea.
higher mortality rate r/t accidents, impaired judgement, & increased confidence with eTOH level.
etoh level of 0.5% greated cause coma, resp depression, death.
chronic etoh consumption creates cross-tolerance to: general anesthetics, barbiturates, benzodiazepines, other CNS depressants.

Question 11

effects of stopping ETOH abruptly

Answer 11

brain becomes overly excited because receptors previously inhibited are no longer inhibited.
anxiety, tachycardia, HTN, diaphoresis, N/V, tremors, sleeplessness & irritability.

Question 12

complications

Answer 12

severe neurologic & psychiatric disorders. liver damage. malnutrition. acute & chronic pancreatitis, thiamine deficiency-leads to neurological impairments. erosive gastritis.

Question 13

wernicke’s encephalopathy

Answer 13

acute phase, B1 deficiency. s/s: nystagmus, ptosis, ataxia, confusion, coma & possible death

Question 14

korsakoffs psychosis

Answer 14

chronic phase, secondary dementia from B1 deficiency.

s/s: progressive cognitive deterioration, confabulation, myopathy, neropathy.

Question 15

ETOH withdrawal

Answer 15

tremors, seizures, agitation, anxiety, tachycardia, tachypnea, hyperthermia, insomnia.

Question 16

ETOH withdrawal treatment

Answer 16

goal to minimize adverse outcomes, administer multiple B vitamins banana bag. thiamine (vitamin B1) given for weeks after to prevent wernicke’s encephalopathy.
close monitoring of patient for safety. fluid and electrolyte replacements.

Question 17

Delirium tremens (DTs)

Answer 17

medical emergency occurs 2-5 days after ETOH stopped lasts 2-3 days.

disorientation, paranoid delusions, visual hallucinations, markedly increased withdrawal symptoms, fever, diaphoresis.

Question 18

CIWA

score 8 or < minimal
9-15 moderate
16 or > severe.

Answer 18

clinical institute withdrawal assessment.

n/v, tremors, paroxysmal sweats, anxiety, agitation, tactile, visual, and auditory disturbances, HA, orientation.