Stress Flashcards
What is “stress?”
the strain that is experienced when our equilibrium is disrupted and we must adapt
What are the two main categories of stress that we react to?
- stimulus based stress
2. response based stress
What are the 4 main sources of stress?
- catastrophes
- major life events
- daily hassles
- ambient stressors
What major contribution to Richard Lazarus make regarding stress?
the Stress Appraisal Theory
What did Lazarus state about how we initially react to a stressor?
- primary appraisal
- secondary appraisal
What occurs during the primary appraisal?
we determine whether this stressor is:
(a) irrelevant to me
(b) a challenge to me
(c) a threat to me
What are outcomes to seeing a stressor as a challenge?
there is the potential for gain or growth
What are outcomes to seeing a stressor as a threat?
you might face negative consequences like harm or loss
What occurs during the secondary appraisal?
you begin to question what options you have to deal with it, and how effective those methods may be
What are some examples of catastrophe stressors?
September 11th, COVID-19
What are some examples of major life events?
marriage, divorce, death, job loss
What are some examples of daily hassle stressors?
traffic jam, computer crashing, dinging your car
What are some examples of ambient stressors?
pollution, noise, long lines/crowds
What is the HPA Axis?
this is the central stress response system
H: hypothalamus releases CRH
P: pituitary releases ACTH
A: adrenal glands release Cortisol
What are the main types of social support?
- emotional
- esteem
- tangible
- informational
- companionship
