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The Public - Year 2 > Streptococcus Pyogenes > Flashcards

Streptococcus Pyogenes Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the microbiology of strep pyogenes

A
  • gram positive cocci
  • arranged in chains
  • group A streptococcus
  • facultative
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2
Q

What are the virulence factors of strep p?

A
  • bacterial capsule
  • exotoxin production (e.g. Streptolyisn S) and immune evasion
  • dissemination
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3
Q

What are the common strep p infections?

A
  • sore throat
  • cellulitis
  • scarlet fever
  • meningitis
  • pneumonia
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4
Q

When is it more likely to get a sore throat?

A

Spring and autumn

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5
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of sore throat?

A
  • swollen tonsils
  • painful
  • tender
  • discomfort when swallowing
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6
Q

What are the differential diagnoses of sore throat?

A
  • Glandular fever: viral infection
  • Cancer: persistent sore throat
  • Quinsy: painful collection of pus
  • Epiglotittis: inflammation of epiglottis
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7
Q

What are the danger symptoms of sore throat?

A
  • persistent high temp
  • symptoms for longer that 4-5 days
  • difficulty swallowing or breathing
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8
Q

What is the treatment for sore throat?

A

OTC analgesics and antibiotics

  • Carbimazole
  • DMARDS
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9
Q

What are the complications of Group A Strep infections?

A
  • acute rheumatic fever
  • rheumatic heart disease
  • post streptococcal glomerulephritis
  • bacteraemia / septicaemia
  • necrotising fasciitis
  • TSS
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10
Q

What is the aetiology of cellulitis?

A
  • obese
  • weakened immune system
  • poorly controlled diabetes / circulation problems
  • chickenpox or shingles
  • lymphoeddema
  • IV drug use
  • previous episodes of cellulitis
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11
Q

What are the endogenous carriers of Gp A streptococci?

A
  • interdigital toe spaces
  • vagina
  • anus
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12
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of cellulitis?

A
  • skin becomes red, swollen, tender and pain fully.
  • mainly affects legs
  • blisters
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13
Q

What are the differential diagnosis for cellulitis?

A
  • eczema
  • lymphoedema
  • allergic reaction
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14
Q

What are the danger eliminations for cellulitis?

A
  • rapid spread of redness in an area
  • high temp
  • changes in mental state
  • rapid heart beat / breathing
  • nausea / vomiting
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15
Q

What is the treatment for mild/moderate cellulitis infections?

A

7-14 days antibiotics at home

- Phenoxymethylpenicllin (clarithromycin / clindamycin)

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16
Q

What is the treatment for advanced cellulitis infection?

A

IV benzylpenicillin (vancomycin)

17
Q

What are the complication of cellulitis?

A
  • bacteraemia / septicaemia
  • necrotising fasciitis
  • abscess
  • facial cellulitis
  • meningitis
18
Q

What is the role of a pharmacist in the management of cellulitis?

A

they should pick up on danger symptoms, give OTC pain relief and advise patients to keep affected leg raised

The Public - Year 2 (9 decks)

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