Strategy 3.2 EAM Foundations Flashcards
What is ISO/IEC/IEEE 42010?
Recommended practice for architectural description of software-intensive systems
scope of ISO/IEC/IEEE 42010?
- software-intenstive systems
- individual systems
- systems of systems
goals of ISO/IEC/IEEE 42010?
- support documentation, explanation,
and communication of architectures - does not provide a graphical notation
Architecture framework of ISO/IEC/IEEE 42010?
predefined set of concerns, stakeholders, viewpoints established to capture common practices for architecture descriptions
How many architectural descriptions should you have?
only one. (current or future target description)
System-of-interest
A system of interest from the perspective of one or more stakeholders. The system could be an application, a subsystem, a service, a product line, a system of systems or an enterprise
Stakeholder
Individual or organization with interest in a system of interest
Concern
Those stakeholders’ interests, which pertain to the development, operation, or other key characteristics of the system
Architecture
Fundamental concepts or properties of a system in its environment embodied in its elements, relationships, and in the principles of its design and evolution
Architecture description
Is a work product used to express one possible architecture for a system of interest.
Does every system have an architecture?
Yes. It might be understood or not, recorded or conceptual
What does the architecture description have to be aligned with?
Stakeholder’s concerns
Architecture view
Expresses the architecture of the system of interest from the perspective of one or more stakeholders to address specific concerns, using the conventions established by its viewpoint. It consists of one or more architecture models.
Architecture viewpoint
Is a set of conventions for constructing, interpreting, using and analyzing one type of architecture view.
Model kind
Defines the conventions for one type of architecture model
architecture model
a view is comprised of architecture models. Each model is constructed in accordance with the conventions established by its model kind, typically defined as part of its governing viewpoint.
Architecture rationale
Records the explanation, justification or reasoning about architecture decisions that have been made and architectural alternatives not chosen.
-> Why question is answered
Correspondence
Expresses a relation between architecture description elements. Correspondences are used to express architecture relations of interest within an architecture description or between architecture descriptions.
Correspondence rule
Governs correspondences by enforcing relations within an architecture description or between architecture descriptions.
What do changes in the enterprise context often do?
Trigger and drive EA initiatives
e.g. New CIO or CEO
- post-merger integration
What are organizational contexts (4) that influence the design of the EAM function?
- IT organization (decentral, centeral, federated)
- Upper management support
- Budgeting
- Enterprise culture
What should EAM goals do to fit the enterprise context?
- increase coherency
- increase transparency
- manage and reduce IT complexity
- identify, assess and manage security risks
- ensure and document legal compliance
- increase disaster tolerance
etc.
What do EAM concerns describe?
The interests of stakeholders that have certain goals for the management of the EA
e.g. define target application landscape
Why reduce complexity?
- decrease in maintenance and hosting costs
4 EAM benefits adding value to organizations
- Organizational alignment (common goals –> consensus)
- Information availability (access, standardized –> faster & better decisions)
- Resource portfolio optimization (no redundancy –> reduce costs & skill variation)
- resource complementarity (integration, interoperability -> performance, re-use)
What are the IT governance archetypes?
- Business Monarchy
- IT Monarchy
- Feudal
- Federal
- IT Duopoly
- Anarchy
Who has decision or input rights in Business Monarchy?
Top managers
Who has decision or input rights in IT Monarchy
IT specialists
Who has decision or input rights in Feudal?
Each business unit making independent decisions
Who has decision or input rights in Federal?
Combination of the corporate center and the business units with or without IT people involved
Who has decision or input rights in IT Duopoly?
IT group and one other group (e.g. top management or business unit leaders)
Who has decision or input rights in Anarchy?
Isolated individual or small group decision making
Questions to be addressed concerning the governance arrangement matrix
- What decisions must be made to ensure effective management and use of IT?
- Who should make these decisions?
Do all business units go trough EAM the same?
No, they have different levels of maturity with regards to EAM.
Which types of change approaches are there?
- Influencing
- Planning
- Motivating
- Learning
- Encouraging
Should you rather use a transformation unit or a transformation network?
Using a transformation unit might not be so good because other people might get jealous that they are not part of the transformation process. The transformation network might be better to spread information.
