Storages and Databases Flashcards
What is an Instance Store
temporary block-level storage for an Amazon EC2 instance
What is Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS)
a service that provides block-level storage volumes that you can use with Amazon EC2 instances
What is an EBS Snapshot
an incremental backup
-First backup taken of a volume copies all the data.
-For subsequent backups, only the blocks of data that have changed since the most recent snapshot are saved.
What is Object Storage
each object consists of data, metadata, and a key
When you modify a file in block storage, only the pieces that are changed are updated. When a file in object storage is modified…
the entire object is updated.
What is Amazon Simple Storage Service (Amazon S3)
a service that provides object-level storage.
What does Amazon Simple Storage Service (Amazon S3) store data as
stores data as objects in buckets.
What is the maximum file size for an object in Amazon S3
5 TB
What are the 8 Amazon S3 storage classes
-S3 Standard
-S3 Standard - Infrequent Access (S3 Standard-IA)
-S3 One Zone - Infrequent Access (S3 One Zone-IA)
-S3 Intelligent Tiering
-S3 Glacier Instant Retrieval
-S3 Glacier Flexible Retrieval
-S3 Glacier Deep Archive
-S3 Outposts
What is S3 Standard storage class
-Designed for frequently accessed data
-Stores data in a minimum of three Availability Zones
What is S3 Standard - Infrequent Access (S3 Standard-IA)
-Ideal for infrequently accessed data
-Similar to Amazon S3 Standard but has a lower storage price and higher retrieval price
-Stores data in a minimum of three Availability Zones
What is S3 One Zone - Infrequent Access (S3 One Zone-IA)
-Stores data in a single Availability Zone
-Has a lower storage price than Amazon S3 Standard-IA
What is S3 Intelligent Tiering
-Ideal for data with unknown or changing access patterns
-Requires a small monthly monitoring and automation fee per object
How does S3 Intelligent Tiering Work
If you haven’t accessed an object for 30 consecutive days, Amazon S3 automatically moves it to the infrequent access tier, S3 Standard-IA. If you access an object in the infrequent access tier, Amazon S3 automatically moves it to the frequent access tier, S3 Standard.
What is S3 Glacier Instant Retrieval
-Works well for archived data that requires immediate access
-Can retrieve objects within a few milliseconds
What is S3 Glacier Flexible Retrieval
-Low-cost storage designed for data archiving
-Able to retrieve objects within a few minutes to hours
What is S3 Glacier Deep Archive
-Lowest-cost object storage class ideal for archiving
-Able to retrieve objects within 12-48 hours
-stored across at least three geographically dispersed Availability Zones
What is S3 Outposts
-Creates S3 buckets on Amazon S3 Outposts
-delivers object storage to your on-premises AWS Outposts environment
When to use S3 Storage
you are using complete objects or only making occasional changes
When to use Amazon Elastic Block Storage (EBS)
you are doing complex read, write, change functions on larger files
What is File Storage
-multiple clients (such as users, applications, servers, and so on) can access data that is stored in shared file folders
-ideal for use cases in which a large number of services and resources need to access the same data at the same time
What is Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS)
-A file system used with AWS Cloud services and on-premises resources.
-Can scale on demand to petabytes without disrupting applications.
What are the 2 characteristics of EBS
-Stores Data in a single Availability Zone
-Both EC2 instance and EBS volume must reside in the same availability zone
What are the 3 characteristics of EFS
-Regional Service that stores data in and across multiple availability zones
-Duplicate storage allows concurrent data access from all availability zones within a region
-On premise servers can access using AWS Direct Connect
What is a Relational Database
data is stored in a way that relates it to other pieces of data
What is structured query language (SQL)
Data is stored in an easily understandable, consistent, and scalable way
What is Amazon Relational Database Service
a service that enables you to run relational databases in the AWS Cloud
What are the 6 database engines Amazon RDS is available on
-Amazon Aurora
-PostgreSQL
-MySQL
-MariaDB
-Oracle Database
-Microsoft SQL Server
What is Amazon Aurora
an enterprise-class relational database
What 2 database engines is Amazon Aurora compatible with
-MySQL
-PostgreSQL
What are the 4 characteristics of Amazon Aurora
-up to five times faster than standard MySQL databases
-up to three times faster than standard PostgreSQL databases
-replicates 6 copies of your data across three Availability Zones
-continuously backs up your data to Amazon S3.
What is a nonrelational database
you create tables. A table is a place where you can store and query data.
Nonrelational databases are sometimes referred to as
NoSQL databases
What is 1 type of structural approach for nonrelational databases
key-value pairs, data is organized into items (keys), and items have attributes (values)
What is Amazon DynamoDB
a key-value database service
What are the 3 characteristics of Amazon DynamoDB
-single-digit millisecond performance
-serverless
-automatically scales to adjust to capacity
What is Amazon Redshift
a data warehousing service that you can use for big data analytics
What is AWS Database Migration Service (AWS DMS)
Migrate relational and nonrelational databases, and other types of data stores
use cases for AWS DMS
-Development and Test database migrations
-Database consolidation
-Continuous database replication
What is a homogenous database migration
databases that are of the same type
What is heterogenous database migration
source and target databases are of different types
What is Amazon DocumentDB
a document database service that supports MongoDB workloads.
What is Amazon Neptune
a graph database service
What is Amazon Neptune used for
build and run applications that work with highly connected datasets, such as recommendation engines, fraud detection, and knowledge graphs.
What is Amazon QLDB, or Quantum Ledger Database
An immutable system of record where any entry can never be removed from the audits
-Ledger Database
What is Amazon Managed Blockchain
a service that you can use to create and manage blockchain networks with open-source frameworks
What is Blockchain
a distributed ledger system that lets multiple parties run transactions and share data without a central authority
What is Amazon ElastiCache
A service that adds caching layers on top of your databases to help improve the read times of common requests.
What 2 types of data stores does Amazon ElastiCache support
-Redis
-Memcached
What is Amazon DynamoDB Accelerator (DAX)
an in-memory cache for DynamoDB.
