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AWS SAA Certification > Storage on AWS > Flashcards

Storage on AWS Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three types of storage on AWS?

A
  1. File storage
  2. Block storage
  3. Object storage
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2
Q

What is file storage?

A

You place your files in a tree-like hierarchy that consists of folders and subfolders

Amazon EFS (Amazon Elastic File System) provides scalable network file storage for Amazon EC2 cloud computing service users.

Similar to traditional Network Attached Storage (NAS)

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3
Q

What is block storage?

A

Block storage splits files into fixed-size chunks of data called blocks that have their own addresses.

Since each block is addressable, blocks can be retrieved efficiently.

Similar to traditional Direct Attached Storage (DAS) or Storage Area Network (SAN)

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4
Q

What is object storage?

A

Changing just one character in a file will update the entire file, whereas within block storage, you can address the single block without altering everything.

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5
Q

What is EC2 Instance Store?

A

Provides temporary block level storage for your instance. (internal to the EC2 instance)

If you delete your instance, your instance store is deleted as well

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6
Q

What is Elastic Block Storage?

A

Like an External Drive attached to your laptop

Transferrable to other EC2 instance

1 to 1 relationship to their connected to EC2 instance

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7
Q

What are EBS (Elastic Block Storage) use cases?

A
  1. Operating System
  2. Databases
  3. Enterprise applications
  4. Throughout-intensive applications
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8
Q

Amazon EBS 4 volume types (PGTC)?

A
  1. EBS provisioned IOPS SSD. Highest performance SSD designed for latency sensitive transactional workloads
  2. EBS General Purpose SSD. General purpose that balances price and performance
  3. Throughput optimized HDD. Los-cost HDD designed for frequently accessed
  4. Cold HDD. Lowest cost HDD designed for less frequent access
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9
Q

What is Amazon S3?

A

Amazon S3 is an object storage service.

Use Cases: Common use cases for Amazon S3 include data backup and restore, content storage and distribution, big data analytics, disaster recovery, and archiving.

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10
Q

What do you store your objects in S3?

A

Buckets

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11
Q

What must you do when storing S3?

A

Choose a region

Choose a bucket name

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12
Q

In S3, each object is identified using a URL?

A

Yes, that is true

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13
Q

Buckets can be in one of 3 states

A
  1. Unversioned (default)
  2. Versioning-enabled
  3. Versioning-suspended
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14
Q

When you upload an object to Amazon S3 and you don’t specify the storage class, what happens?

A

You are uploading to the default class known as standard storage.

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15
Q

What are the 8 S3 storage classed?

A
  1. Amazon S3 Standard
  2. Amazon S3 Intelligent Tiering
  3. Amazon S3 Standard Infrequent Access (Standard IA)
  4. Amazon S3 One Zone-Infrequent Access (S3 One Zone-IA)
  5. Amazon S3 Glacier Instant Retrieval
  6. Amazon S3 Glacier Flexible Retrieval
  7. Amazon S3 Glacier Deep Archive
  8. Amazon S3 Outposts
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16
Q

What is Amazon S3 Standard?

A

This is considered general purpose storage for cloud applications, dynamic websites, content distribution, mobile and gaming applications, and big data analytics.

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17
Q

What is Amazon S3 Intelligent-Tiering?

A

This tier is useful if your data has unknown or changing access patterns. S3 Intelligent-Tiering stores objects in two tiers, a frequent access tier and an infrequent access tier. Amazon S3 monitors access patterns of your data, and automatically moves your data to the most cost-effective storage tier based on frequency of access.

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18
Q

What is Amazon S3 Standard-Infrequent Access (S3 Standard-IA)?

A

S3 Standard-IA is for data that is accessed less frequently, but requires rapid access when needed. S3 Standard-IA offers the high durability, high throughput, and low latency of S3 Standard, with a low per-GB storage price and per-GB retrieval fee. This storage tier is ideal if you want to store long-term backups, disaster recovery files, and so on.

19
Q

What is Amazon S3 One Zone-Infrequent Access (S3 One Zone-IA)?

A

Unlike other S3 storage classes which store data in a minimum of three Availability Zones (AZs), S3 One Zone-IA stores data in a single AZ and costs 20% less than S3 Standard-IA. S3 One Zone-IA is ideal for customers who want a lower-cost option for infrequently accessed data but do not require the availability and resilience of S3 Standard or S3 Standard-IA. It’s a good choice for storing secondary backup copies of on-premises data or easily re-creatable data.

20
Q

What is Amazon S3 Glacier Instant Retrieval?

A

Amazon S3 Glacier Instant Retrieval is an archive storage class that delivers the lowest-cost storage for long-lived data that is rarely accessed and requires retrieval in milliseconds.

21
Q

What is Amazon S3 Glacier Flexible Retrieval?

A

S3 Glacier Flexible Retrieval delivers low-cost storage, up to 10% lower cost (than S3 Glacier Instant Retrieval), for archive data that is accessed 1—2 times per year and is retrieved asynchronously.

22
Q

What is Amazon S3 Glacier Deep Archive?

A

S3 Glacier Deep Archive is Amazon S3’s lowest-cost storage class and supports long-term retention and digital preservation for data that may be accessed once or twice in a year. It is designed for customers—particularly those in highly regulated industries, such as the Financial Services, Healthcare, and Public Sectors—that retain data sets for 7 to 10 years or longer to meet regulatory compliance requirements.

23
Q

What is Amazon S3 Outposts?

A

Amazon S3 on Outposts delivers object storage to your on-premises AWS Outposts environment.

24
Q

Summary EC2 Instance Store

A

Instance store is ephemeral block storage. This is preconfigured storage that exists on the same physical server that hosts the EC2 instance and cannot be detached from Amazon EC2. You can think of it as a built-in drive for your EC2 instance. Instance store is generally well-suited for temporary storage of information that is constantly changing, such as buffers, caches, and scratch data. It is not meant for data that is persistent or long-lasting. If you need persistent long-term block storage that can be detached from Amazon EC2 and provide you more management flexibility, such as increasing volume size or creating snapshots, then you should use Amazon EBS.

25
Q

Summary EBS

A

Amazon EBS is meant for data that changes frequently and needs to persist through instance stops, terminations, or hardware failures. Amazon EBS has two different types of volumes: SSD-backed volumes and HDD-backed volumes.

It is block storage.

You pay for what you provision (you have to provision storage in advance).

EBS volumes are replicated across multiple servers in a single Availability Zone.

Most EBS volumes can only be attached to a single EC2 instance at a time.

26
Q

SSD-backed volumes have the following characteristics:

A

Performance depends on IOPS (input/output operations per second).

Ideal for transactional workloads such as databases and boot volumes.

27
Q

HDD-backed volumes have the following characteristics:

A

Performance depends on MB/s.

Ideal for throughput-intensive workloads, such as big data, data warehouses, log processing, and sequential data I/O.

28
Q

Amazon S3 Summary

A

If your data doesn’t change that often, Amazon S3 might be a more cost-effective and scalable storage solution. S3 is ideal for storing static web content and media, backups and archiving, data for analytics, and can even be used to host entire static websites with custom domain names.Here are a few important features of Amazon S3 to know about when comparing it to other services.

It is object storage.

You pay for what you use (you don’t have to provision storage in advance).

Amazon S3 replicates your objects across multiple Availability Zones in a Region.

Amazon S3 is not storage attached to compute.

29
Q

Amazon Elastic File System (EFS) and FSX

A

In this module, you’ve already learned about Amazon S3 and Amazon EBS. You learned that S3 uses a flat namespace and isn’t meant to serve as a standalone file system. You also learned most EBS volumes can only be attached to one EC2 instance at a time. So, if you need file storage on AWS, which service should you use?For file storage that can mount on to multiple EC2 instances, you can use Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS) or Amazon FSx. Use the following table for more information about each of these services.

It is file storage.

You pay for what you use (you don’t have to provision storage in advance).

Amazon EFS and Amazon FSx can be mounted onto multiple EC2 instances.

30
Q

S3 objects can be how big?

A

Up to 5TB in size

31
Q

True or false: buckets are private by default

A

True

32
Q

True or false: Versioning cannot be disabled once enabled, but only suspended.

A

True

33
Q

True or false: Multi part uploads increases efficiency

A

True

34
Q

What is S3 CRR?

A

With S3 Cross-Region Replication (CRR), you can replicate objects—and their respective metadata and object tags—into other AWS Regions for reduced latency, compliance, security, disaster recovery, and other use cases. CRR can be configured from a single, source Amazon Simple Storage Service (Amazon S3) bucket to replicate objects into one or more destination buckets in another AWS Region.

35
Q

What is AWS Multi AZ deploy

A

In a Multi-AZ deployment, Amazon RDS automatically creates a primary database (DB) instance and synchronously replicates the data to an instance in a different Availability Zone. When it detects a failure, Amazon RDS automatically fails over to a standby instance without manual intervention. This failover mechanism meets the customer’s need to have a highly available database.

36
Q

What are read replicas

A

AWS Read Replicas are a feature of Amazon RDS (Relational Database Service) that allow you to create one or more read-only copies of your database instance. They are used to offload read traffic from the primary database, thereby improving scalability and performance for read-heavy workloads.

37
Q

What is DMS?

A

At a basic level, AWS DMS is a server in the AWS Cloud that runs replication software. You create a source and target connection to tell AWS DMS where to extract from and load to. Then, you schedule a task that runs on this server to move your data. AWS DMS creates the tables and associated primary keys if they don’t exist on the target. You can precreate the target tables yourself, if you prefer.

38
Q

What is Storage Gateway?

A

AWS Storage Gateway connects an on-premises software appliance with cloud-based storage to provide near-seamless integration with data security features between your on-premises IT environment and the AWS storage infrastructure.

Offers file based, volume based, and tape based storage solutions

39
Q

EBS Volume Types

A
  1. SSD - Transactional workloads
  2. HDD - Large steaming workloads
  3. Previous generation
40
Q

EFS

A

Elastic File System - File storage for the cloud

NFS Protocol

Auto scaling

41
Q

FSX

A

Like EFS
Built for file systems software
Great for customers that have solutions already existing on premise

42
Q

What is ECS anywhere

A

Amazon ECS Anywhere is an extension of Amazon Elastic Container Service (ECS) that enables you to run and manage containers on your own infrastructure, whether it be on-premises servers, virtual machines, or other cloud environments.

43
Q

What is AWS backup

A

AWS Backup is a fully managed backup service provided by Amazon Web Services that allows you to centralize and automate data protection across AWS services and on-premises resources. It provides a consistent way to manage backups, enabling you to protect your data easily and securely while ensuring compliance with data protection policies

44
Q

What is Systems Manager

A

WS Systems Manager is a comprehensive management service provided by Amazon Web Services that helps you gain operational insights and manage your AWS resources and infrastructure. It provides a unified interface for managing resources both on AWS and on-premises.

For example, if you have a massive fleet of resources, maybe use Systems Manager to run a script automatically on all and not do it manually

AWS SAA Certification (18 decks)

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