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AWS SAA Certification > Domain 2 > Flashcards

Domain 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is scaling?

A

Scaling in Amazon Web Services (AWS) refers to the ability to adjust resources allocated for your applications to meet demand efficiently. AWS provides two main types of scaling: vertical scaling and horizontal scaling.

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2
Q

Explain vertical scaling

A

This involves changing the instance type within the same instance family to a larger or smaller size. For example, moving from a t2.micro to a t2.large instance.

Vertical scaling is limited by the size of the server and typically involves downtime since the instance needs to be stopped and restarted.

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3
Q

Explain horizontal scaling

A

This involves adding more instances of the same size (scaling out) or removing instances (scaling in) to adjust to demand.

AWS services like Auto Scaling Groups in EC2 enable horizontal scaling by automatically adding or removing instances based on defined policies, thresholds, and metrics.

Horizontal scaling is usually more flexible and can be achieved without downtime.

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4
Q

Explain elasticity

A

Elasticity in the context of Amazon Web Services (AWS) refers to the ability of a system to dynamically adjust its resource allocation to match the current demand.

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5
Q

Explain auto scaling

A

Auto Scaling in AWS is a feature that automatically adjusts the number of compute resources available to your applications based on demand.

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6
Q

Explain EC2 auto scaling

A

This service automatically adjusts the number of EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group. It uses scaling policies and rules based on metrics like CPU utilization, request count, or custom CloudWatch metrics to make scaling decisions.

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7
Q

Explain Lambda scaling

A

AWS Lambda automatically scales the number of concurrent executions in response to incoming requests. There is no need to manage the underlying infrastructure, and it scales horizontally to accommodate varying workloads.

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8
Q

True or False: ECS and EKS support auto scaling

A

True

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9
Q

Explain RDS auto scaling

A

RDS supports read replica auto scaling, allowing it to add or remove read replicas based on demand, which helps in scaling read-heavy workloads.

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10
Q

Explain Dynamo DB auto scaling

A

DynamoDB offers auto scaling for its read and write capacity units, automatically adjusting the throughput based on traffic patterns.

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11
Q

Explain EMR auto scaling

A

EMR can automatically scale clusters based on demand, adding or removing nodes to optimize the performance and cost of big data processing.

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12
Q

Explain Elasticache auto scaling

A

ElastiCache can automatically scale clusters by adding or removing nodes in response to changing demands for in-memory data caching.

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13
Q

How does auto scaling work (name 3)

A
  1. Scaling plans and policies
  2. Health checks
  3. Integration with cloud watch
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14
Q

Explain amazon edge

A

Amazon Edge refers to a network of distributed servers and services that are part of Amazon Web Services (AWS) and designed to bring content and computing capabilities closer to end users. This proximity helps improve response times, reduce latency, and enhance the overall performance of applications and content delivery.

Services could include

Cloud Front

Global Accelerator

Outposts

Wavelength

Local zones

Lambda Edge

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15
Q

Explain transfer family

A

Amazon Transfer Family is a fully managed service from AWS that enables you to transfer files securely into and out of Amazon S3 or Amazon EFS using Secure File Transfer Protocol (SFTP), File Transfer Protocol Secure (FTPS), and File Transfer Protocol (FTP). It is designed to simplify and automate the exchange of files between your organization and external parties, making it easier to manage data transfers securely, efficiently, and in compliance with regulatory requirements.

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16
Q

Explain synchronous vs asynchronous

A

In a synchronous operation, tasks are performed in a sequential manner. One task must be completed before the next one starts, which means operations happen in a fixed, predictable order.

Asynchronous operations allow tasks to be performed independently of the main program flow. Tasks can start, pause, and resume without waiting for others to complete, enabling multiple tasks to be in progress simultaneousl

17
Q

What is High Availabilty

A

Design for minimal downtime

18
Q

What is fault tolerance

A

Designing for zero downtime

19
Q

What is disaster recovery

A

Having a plan. Designing for systems to operate through a disaster.

20
Q

What is RPO

A

Maximum acceptable amount of time since the last data recovery point

21
Q

What is RTO

A

Maximum acceptable delay between the interruption of service and restoration of service

22
Q

What is ‘active passive’ and what services can be used to accomplish this

A

In AWS and cloud computing in general, the terms “active-passive” refer to a redundancy model used to increase the availability and reliability of applications and systems. In this model, there are two sets of resources: one that is active and handling all traffic or workload, and another that is passive and ready to take over in case the active set fails.

Backup and restore

Pilot Light

Warm Standby

23
Q

What is Active Active and what service can be used to accomplish this

A

Active-active refers to a high-availability configuration where multiple instances or components are operational and actively handling traffic or workload simultaneously. This setup contrasts with active-passive configurations, where only one instance actively handles traffic while the other remains on standby.

Multi Site Active Active

24
Q

RDS Multi AZ

A

Automatically fails over if primary goes down

25
Q

Dynamo DB Global Tables

A

DynamoDB Global Tables are a feature of Amazon DynamoDB that provides fully managed, multi-region, and multi-master replication of your DynamoDB tables. This allows you to deploy a globally distributed application with low-latency data access for users around the world.

26
Q

Elastic DR

A

It simplifies the process of implementing disaster recovery (DR) across your on-premises and cloud-based applications, allowing you to minimize downtime and data loss.

27
Q

AMI For DR

A

An AMI provides the information required to launch an instance, which is a virtual server in the cloud. AMIs play a crucial role in DR by enabling rapid recovery and deployment of workloads in the event of an outage or disaster.

28
Q

EC2 image builder

A

EC2 Image Builder is an AWS service that simplifies the creation, management, and deployment of customized and up-to-date Amazon Machine Images (AMIs). It automates the process of building, testing, and distributing images, ensuring that the images used for EC2 instances are secure and comply with organizational policies.

29
Q

VPC Peering

A

VPC (Virtual Private Cloud) peering connections in AWS are a networking construct that allows you to connect two VPCs privately using AWS’s network infrastructure. This means that instances in different VPCs can communicate with each other as if they were on the same network. VPC peering can be established between VPCs within the same AWS region or across different regions, a feature known as inter-region VPC peering.

30
Q

Route 53

A

Amazon Route 53 is a scalable and highly available Domain Name System (DNS) web service offered by AWS. It is designed to provide a reliable way to route end users to internet applications by translating human-readable domain names (like www.example.com) into the numeric IP addresses used by computers to connect to each other.

31
Q

Transit Gateway

A

AWS Transit Gateway is a highly scalable and efficient service designed to simplify and centralize the management of network traffic between your Amazon Virtual Private Clouds (VPCs) and on-premises networks. It acts as a central hub that connects multiple VPCs and on-premises networks through a single gateway, allowing for easier management and reduced complexity in complex network architectures.

32
Q

Elastic Beanstalk

A

AWS Elastic Beanstalk is a fully managed service designed to facilitate the deployment and scaling of web applications and services. It simplifies the process of deploying applications in the cloud by automatically handling the infrastructure provisioning, load balancing, auto-scaling, and monitoring, while allowing developers to focus on writing code.

33
Q

Inspector

A

Amazon Inspector is an automated security assessment service offered by AWS that helps improve the security and compliance of applications deployed on AWS. It automatically assesses applications for vulnerabilities or deviations from best practices and provides a detailed list of security findings, prioritized by level of severity.

34
Q

AWS Code Guru

A

AWS CodeGuru is a machine learning-powered developer tool from Amazon Web Services designed to assist in improving code quality and optimizing application performance.

35
Q

RDS Proxy

A

AWS RDS Proxy is a fully managed, highly available database proxy service for Amazon Relational Database Service (RDS) and Amazon Aurora. It is designed to improve the scalability, availability, and security of your database applications by managing and pooling database connections efficiently. RDS Proxy is particularly useful for applications that make a high number of short-lived connections to a database, such as serverless applications, microservices, or applications using AWS Lambda.

36
Q

XRAY

A

AWS X-Ray is a distributed tracing service provided by Amazon Web Services (AWS) that helps developers analyze and debug applications, particularly those built using microservices or serverless architectures.

37
Q

Global Accelerator

A

AWS Global Accelerator is a networking service that improves the availability and performance of your applications with users distributed globally. It directs traffic to optimal endpoints over the AWS global network, enhancing the responsiveness and reliability of your applications by routing user requests to the nearest and best-performing AWS endpoints.

38
Q

Explain Poly

A

Amazon Polly is a cloud-based service by AWS that converts text into lifelike speech, allowing developers to create applications that can “speak” with a wide variety of natural-sounding voices.

39
Q

Explain Comprehends

A

Amazon Comprehend is a natural language processing (NLP) service provided by AWS that uses machine learning to uncover insights and relationships in text.

AWS SAA Certification (16 decks)

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