Storage Flashcards by Meg G

You have an instance store on an EC2 instance, the instance stops and is restarted but the data is gone! What happened?

Instance stores are ephemeral

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What happens if you reboot an instance that has an instance store?

The data IS NOT deleted

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AWS S3 - at what filesize should you consider using Multipart upload

100MB

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Clients need to transfer gigabytes to terabytes of data quickly and on a regular basis to an S3 bucket. Which S3 feature will enable these long distance data transfers in a secure and fast manner?

Transfer Acceleration

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What happens to a EC2 root volume on instance deletion by default

root volume is deleted

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What protcol does EFS support?

NFS

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4 services EFS can easily be mounted on?

EC2
ECS
EKS
Lambda

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What are the storage modes EFS supports?

Standard and IA

MultiAZ by default.

Can also use lifecycle policies to age off from standard to IA

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File storage service that can serve as dropin replacement for ONTAP deployments

Amazon FSx for NetApp ONTAP

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What OS does Amazon FSx for NetApp ONTAP support?

Linux, Windows, and macOS compute instances running in AWS or on premises.

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What protcol(s) does Amazon FSx for NetApp ONTA support?

SCSI for block storage
NFS and SMB for file storage

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SMB vs NFS

NFS is for Linux
SMB is for Windows

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What is Amazon FSx for OpenZFS?

Fully managed file storage service that helps you to move data residing in on-premises ZFS
or other Linux-based file servers to AWS without changing your application code or how you manage data
Great for latency-sensitive and small-file workloads with NAS data management capabilities (snapshots, and cloning), at a lower price than commercially licensed alternatives.

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Protocol Support for Amazon FSx for OpenZFS

NFS
SMB is not supported on initial launch

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Throughput and IOPS of Amazon FSx for OpenZFS

12.5 gigabytes per second (GB/s) of throughput and up to 1 million IOPS

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Which file storage option should I use if I want to easily integrate with Microsoft Active Directory?

Amazon FSx for Windows File Server

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Protocol Support for Amazon FSx for Windows File Server

SMB

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Max storage size of Amazon FSx for Windows File Server per file system

64 TB

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Ways that I can deploy a Microsoft SQL Server in AWS?

Amazon FSx for Windows File Server

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Availability of Amazon FSx for Windows File Server

1 AZ by default but can support multi-az

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Which file storage option should I use if I have an HPC, Machine Learning, parallel processing app

Amazon FSx for Lustre

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Availability of Amazon FSx for Lustre

Single AZ Only

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Throughput and IOPS of Amazon FSx for Lustre

Highest throughput
1+ TB/s throughput
IOPS (millions)

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Protocol of Amazon FSx for Lustre

Posix compliant

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Only file system that supports snapshots stored in S3

Amazon FSx for Lustre

True or False: EBS supports cross region attachments to EC2

FALSE

True or False: EBS is automatically replicated and encrypted

FALSE It is automatically replicated by not encrypted (must be turned on)

What is EBS Multi-Attach?

New service that allows connecting of EBS on mutliple EC2s. Only supports OPS SSD (io1 or io2) volumes and EC2 instances must be in the same AZ

What is the largest volume size that EBS supports

64 TB

What type of volumes (SSD or HDD) are good for transactional workloads with frequent read/write operations with small I/O size

SSD

What type of volumes (SSD or HDD) large streaming workloads that need high throughput performance.

HDD

General Purpose SSD (gp2)

Balance Price and Performance - 1GB - 16TB - 16,000 max IOps - 250 - 1,000 MB/s Throughput - Multiattach not supported

Provisioned IOPs SSD (io1)

Designed for latency sensitive transaction workloads - 4GB- 16TB - 64,000 Max - 1,000 MB/s Thoughput - Multiattach supported

Provisioned IOPs (Express) SSD

Designed for latency sensitive transaction workloads - up to 64TB - 256,000 MAX IOPS - 4,000 MB/s Throughput - Multiattach supported

Throughput Optimized HDD (st1)

Low cost for frequently accesses throughput intensive loads (Data Warehousing) - 125GB-16TB - 500 max IOPS - 500 MB/s Throughput

Cold HDD (sc1)

Lowest cost for less frequently accessed workloads - 125GB-16TB - 250 max IOPS - 250 MB/s Throughput

How to make a bucket public in S3

Remove Block all Public Access Allow ACL creation

What native S3 service can I use to transform a S3 object and return result back to application?

S3 Object Lambda

AWS Services that can run queries directly on objects in S3

Athena Amazon Redshift Amazon Redshift Spectrum (complex queries and large datasets (up to exabytes))

How to grant another account access to a bucket

S3 Bucket Policy

How to grant access to a single object in S3

ACL

How to grant S3 time-limited access to others with temporary URLs

Query String Authentication

How to simplify managing data access to shared datasets in S3 by creating access points with names and permissions specific to each application or sets of applications.

S3 Access Points

How to privately connect to S3 from your on-premise environment

PrivateLink

How to connect your on-premise applications with S3 over AWS Direct Connect or AWS VPN?

VPC endpoint

Can S3 Versioning be turned off?

No, but you can suspend versioning which will retain old versions but will not create new versions

How to replicate objects in S3 from a source bucket to 1 or more destination buckets across multiple regions

S3 Cross Region Replication (CRR)

How to replicate objects in S3 from a source bucket to 1 or more destination buckets across a single regions

S3 Single Region Replication (SRR)

S3 Object Lock mode that allows specific IAM users to remove lock

Governance Mode

S3 Object lock mode that does not allow any removal of lock (can never delete object)

Compliance Mode

AWS S3 service that provides metrics on size, quantity, and characteristics of your storage. Provides suggestions on how to optimize data storage

S3 Storage Lens

AWS S3 service that provides suggestions on when to transition less used data to save $$$ Use to improve lifecylce policies

S3 Storage Class Analysis

Glacier Flexible Retrieval times

1-5 minutes For free bulk 5-12 hours

Glacier Deep Archive Retrival times

12 hours

AWS Storage Gateway Encryption

Encryption in tranit using SSL For S3 default is SSE but can use custom keys

AWS Storage Gateway caching

5min - 3 days Data in cache is NOT ENCRYPTED

Use cases of AWS Storage Gateways

Backing up data to the cloud from on-prem

AWS S3 File Gateway protocols

SMB or NFS

AWS S3 File Gateway Cache size

up to 64 TB Min recommended 150 GiB

AWS FSx File Gateway Use Case

I need a Windows Shared FSx system in AWS with SMB protocol

Block Storage for volumes for your on-premise applications

AWS Volume Gateway

Storage Gateway to replace physical tapes on premises with virtual tapes stored in S3 and S3 Glacier

Tape Gateway

How to bring AWS into your data center as a rack for extreme low latency

AWS Outposts

AWS Outposts servie offerings

EC2, EBS, S3

Pricing options of AWS Outposts

3 years All upfront, partial upfront, no upfront

S3 Object Lock: What is a legal hold?

Can be placed on a version and prevents overwritting or updating of a version

S3 Object Lock: What is a retention period?

Lock on a version of an object that prevents it for begin overwritten or updated for a specific period of time expires

Max number of SNS and SQS queues or lambda destinations to a bucket's Amazon S3 events notification

1 maximum If you need to process with 2 or more queues you will need to establish a fan out pattern

Scalable, high-available POSIX-compliant shared file system

EFS

Does EFS support windows?

No only linux

For Glacier setting that allow you to quickly access your data when occasional urgent requests for a subset of archives are required. If you need data in 1-5 min.

Expedited Retrieval

For Glacier, ensures that your retrieval capacity for expedited retrievals is available when you need it. Each unit of capacity provides that at least three expedited retrievals can be performed every five minutes and provides up to 150 MB/s of retrieval throughput

Provisioned Capacity

True or False, you pay for an EBS Volume only when it is attached to an EC2 instance

FALSE

S3, I want an another account to access my bucket, but I want them to have to pay for all of the data requests of data out of bucket. What can I do to set this up?

Enable the Requester Pays on the S3 bucket