Databases Flashcards

1
Q

How to implement synchronous data replication for the RDS database to help meet the RTO?

A

When creating a database enable Multi-AZ

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2
Q

How to implement asynchronous data replication for the RDS database?

A

Create Read Replica

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3
Q

AWS Database that can run complex analytic queries against terabytes of structured data, using sophisticated query optimization, columnar storage on high-performance storage, and massively parallel query execution

A

Redshift

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4
Q

How long will a failover of an RDS database typically complete if Multi-AZ is enabled?

A

1-2 minutes

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5
Q

Database type that is great for transactional data

A

Relational Database

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6
Q

How to setup Automatic Failover in RDS

A

Turn on MultiAZ

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7
Q

Can you change the instance size of RDS

A

Yes, but you may have downtime

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8
Q

Automated Backups Default for RDS

A

7 days

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9
Q

Automated Backup range for RDS

A

0 - 35 days

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10
Q

Aurora compatible Databases

A

MySQL PostgresQL

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11
Q

Max Read Replicas with Arurora

A

15

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12
Q

Aurora Serverless compatible Databases

A

MySQL

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13
Q

ACID compliant Document Databases

A

DynamoDB

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14
Q

DynamoDB Consistency

A

Eventually Consistently by default

Strong Consistent Available

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15
Q

Request Throughput of DynamoDB

A

1 RCU 1 item 4 KB/sec
1 WCU 1 item 1 KB/sec

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16
Q

Does DynamoDB scale automatically

A

Yes

You can also schedule automatically and set a max and min throughput

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17
Q

DynamoDB Streams are kept for up to what length of time

A

24 hrs

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18
Q

How to help a read heavy DynamoDB table to reduce latency of reads

A

Enable DAX caching

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19
Q

If you have customers in multiple regions, and app uses DynamoDB how to make it so customers are not impacted by latency

A

DynamoDB global tables

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20
Q

Consistency of DynamoDB Global Tables

A

Eventually Consistency ONLY across regions, for Strong consistent have to be in same region

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21
Q

How to expire items in DynamoDB

A

Set a TTL

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22
Q

If you turn on PITR in DynamoDB how long does this data go back?

A

35 days

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23
Q

What services can you use to migrate data to DynamoDB?

A

AWS Data Pipeline
AWS Glue
AWS EMR Hive (DynamoDB connector)
AWS DMS (cassandra or Mongo to Dynamo)

24
Q

How many local secondary indexes can you have with a DynamoDB table?

A

5

25
Q

Local Secondary Index Consistency Support

A

Strong and Eventually consistent reads

26
Q

Describe Local Secondary Index

A

Created on Table Creation

Same partition Key
Different Sort Key

27
Q

Describe Global Secondary Index

A

Partition can span all keys (does not need to be unique) and any sort key

Can be created at any time

28
Q

Max number of Global Secondary Indexes

A

20

29
Q

Global Secondary Index Consistency Support

A

Eventually Consistent ONLY

30
Q

Size limit of items in DynamoDB

A

400 KB

31
Q

Recommended item size in DynamoDB

A

1-4KB

32
Q

DynamoDB how to ensure that item has not changed since you read it?

A

Use optimistic locking w/ version #

33
Q

2 Flavors of Elasticache

A

Memcached
Redis

34
Q

Can Elasticache be used on prem?

A

Yes, 2 options
VPN or Direct Connect

35
Q

Describe MemcacheD

A

easier, simpler data, static data

36
Q

Describe Redis

A

more complex and ever changing data. Use if need HIPPA compliant

37
Q

Caching Strategies for DynamoDB

A

Lazy Loading - write to cache when data requested

Write Through - proactive caching on write to DB

38
Q

Use case of Elasticache

A

Real Time Leaderboards

39
Q

Service used to migrate databases to AWS

A

Amazon DMS

40
Q

If heterogenous transitions how to translate schema before DMS.

A

Use Amazon Conversion Schema Tool (SCT)

41
Q

Redis-compatible, durable, in-memory database service that delivers ultra-fast performance.

A

MemoryDB for Redis

42
Q

Mongo Compatible Database

A

DocumentDB

43
Q

Wide Column Database compatible with Apache Cassandra

A

Amazon Keyspaces

44
Q

Graph Database

A

Neptune

44
Q

Serverless time series database service for Internet of Things (IoT) and operational application

A

Amazon Timestreams

45
Q

Ledger database. Immutable records.

A

QLDB

46
Q

Petabyte scale, fully managed data warehousing service.

A

Redshift

47
Q

What types of Data/file formats can Amazon Redshift Spectrum Query in S3

A

Avro, CSV, JSON, ORC, and Parquet

48
Q

Language that you can use to query Redshift

A

SQL (Postgre)

49
Q

How to migrate to Redshift

A

Workload Qualification Framework (WQF) which uses AWS Schema Conversion Tool

50
Q

For an Aurora Database how to direct the write operations of the production traffic to your high-capacity instances and point the reporting queries sent by your internal staff to the low-capacity instances.

A

Create a custom endpoint in Aurora based on the specified criteria for the production traffic and another custom endpoint to handle the reporting queries

51
Q

How to automatically backup a DynamoDB table to another region or account

A

AWS Backup

52
Q

How to automatically backup a DynamoDB table in the same region and account

A

Enable DynamoDB PITR

53
Q

What are the events that will make Amazon RDS automatically perform a failover to the standby replica?

A

Loss of availability in primary Availability Zone.

Loss of network connectivity to primary.

Compute unit failure on primary.

Storage failure on primary.

54
Q

What should you do if your RDS instance is running out of disk space?

A

Enable Storage Autoscaling (you can set a max threshold)

55
Q

Max backup retention for RDS database?

A

35 days

56
Q

RDS can you connect to standby instance if MULTI-AZ is turned on?

A

FALSE, only primary