Stomach, Spleen, Liver (Lecture) Flashcards
What two notches divide the stomach into its 5 parts (cardia, fundus, body, pyloric antrum, and pyloric canal)?
- Cardiac Notch
3. Angular Incisure
What area of thickened circular smooth muscle closes off the stomach from the duodenum?
Pyloric Sphincter
T or F: the pyloric canal and pyloric sphincter are in the pyloric plane
True
What is the largest most apparent part of the greater omentum?
Gastrocolic ligament
Between the hepatogastric and and hepatoduodenal ligaments, which is thicker and why?
Hepatoduodenal because it contains the portal triad
Note: epiploic forament lies posterior to this ligament
What parts of the liver does the lesser omentum attach to?
- Porta hepatis
- fissure for the ligamentum venosum
(these intersect to form a J-shape like the lesser omentum)
What is the most superior facet of the spleen’s visceral surface?
Gastric facet
What facet is inferior and medial on the visceral surface of the spleen?
Renal facet
What facet is inferior and lateral on the visceral surface of the spleen?
Colic Facet (left colic/splenic flexure)
T or F: part of the costodiaphragmatic recess on the left side lies lateral to the spleen.
True
T or F: the falciform ligament is developed from the dorsal mesogastrium and divides the liver into superior and inferior lobes
False, its derived from VENTRAL mesogastrium and divides the liver into LEFT and RIGHT lobes
What 5 structures form an “H” to divide the liver into Left, Right, Quadrate, and caudate lobes?
Left verti. line of H:
- Superiorly - Fissure of ligamentum venosum
- Inferiorly - Fissure of Ligamentum Teres
Horizontal line of H - Hilum
Right vert. line of H:
- Superiorly = Fossa of SVC
- Inferiorly = Fossa of Gallbladder
What structure lies in the inferior free margin of the falciform ligament?
ligamentum teres
T or F: the fundus of the gallbladder is located at the transpyloric plane
True
What are the components of the hilum (porta hepatis) of the liver?
Portal Triad:
- Portal vein (brings blood to liver)
- Hepatic Artery Proper (O2 to liver)
- Hepatic duct (sends bile to gallbladder and duodenum)
T or F: the hepatic portal veins drain blood from the liver into the IVC
False, the hepatic veins drain blood from the liver into the IVC
Describe the general course of the coronary ligaments on the L and R sides of the liver
- Coronary ligaments are peritoneal reflections that straddle the center of the liver.
- The superior part of the ligament reflect back to make the inferior coronary ligament
- The corner formed by reflection of this tissue forms the R and L triangular ligaments
What provides a route for the spread of cancer from the liver to lungs or visa versa?
Hepatic Bare Area
- Lymphatic vessels pass between the abdominal cavity and thorax and lie on this area that is not covered by visceral peritoneum.
What area is located between the superior and inferior coronary ligaments on the right side?
Hepatic Bare Area
The L and R inferior coronary ligament meet to become the ___________ that is a part of the ___________.
hepatogastric ligament
Lesser omentum
Note: the attachment point of the hepatogastric ligament is the fissure of the ligamentum venosum
Describe the structures contributing to the formation of the bile duct before it enters the duodenum.
R and L hepatic ducts join to form the common hepatic duct which is joined by the cystic duct to form the common bile duct which is joined by the pancreatic duct just before entering the duodenum
What structures is the gallbladder in contact with?
Superiorly: Liver
Inferiorly: Transverse Colon
Inferior to neck of GB and medially: Duodenum
Laterally: Abdominal Wall
What are the 3 branches of the celiac artery?
- Left Gastric
- Splenic
- Common Hepatic
Describe the branching of the left gastric artery.
gives off esophageal branch
Describe the branching of the Splenic artery.
a. Branches to Pancreas
b. to hilium of spleen
c. short gastric
d. Left gastro-epiploic
Describe the branching of the Common Hepatic Artery.
- Proper Hepatic
- R and L hepatic
- Cystic
- right gastric - gastroduodenal
- gastro-epiploic
- superior pancreatico-duodenals
What two arteries anastomose on the lesser curvature of the stomach?
R and L gastric
What two arteries anastomose on the greater curvature of the stomach?
R and L gastroepiploic
T or F: the Common hepatic a. gives off branches that supply bother the superior and inferior aspects of the stomach.
True
Superior - R. gastric
Inferior - gastro-epiploic
What veins join to form the hepatic portal vein?
Splenic vein and SMV
Describe the attachment of the lesser omentum to the liver.
J shaped attachment formed by the ligament attaching at the porta hepatis and fissure for ligamentum venosum
T or F: the pancreas is in contact with the spleen.
True - the tail of the pancreas lays against the hilum of the spleen.
What two mesenteries meet at the hilum of the spleen?
Splenorenal mesentery and gastrosplenic mesentery
A needle is inserted at the top of the 9th rib in the left lung but instead of stopping at the pleural recess it pierces the diaphragm as well as an underlying structure. What is this structure?
Spleen
What part of the liver is in association with the lesser sac?
Caudate lobe
What part of the liver is associated with the epiploic foramen?
- Skinny tail of caudate lobe that runs behind the IVC
- this forms the roof of the epiploic foramen
What accounts for 100% of the venous drainage from the liver?
- Hepatic veins draining into the IVC
T or F: the Fundus of the gallbladder is in the transpyloric plane
True
What structures allows for communication of the Bare area of the liver with the diaphragm and lungs?
Lymphatics
What type of people typically need their gallbladder taken out?
- Females
- Fat
- Forty
- Fair
- Flatulent
What part of the liver gets blood from the splenic and inferior mesenteric veins?
Left Lobe
What delivers most of the blood to the liver?
Hepatic Portal vein (delivers ~80% of blood)
