Stomach (9 questions on final)

Question 1

3 functions of the stomach

Answer 1

1. Continue digestion of carbs
2. Storage PRIMARY FXN
3. Some nutrient breakdown (primarily chemical, little physical)

Question 2

Surface epithelium of mucosa

Answer 2

Simple columnar

Question 3

Surface epithelium has 2 cell types. Tell me about them

Answer 3

1. Surface mucous (surface lining)
   - function to produce thick visible mucus and secrete bicarbonate ions
2. Regenerative cells @ the bases of pits

Question 4

In what layer do we find AVA (atriovenous anastomosis)?

Answer 4

Submucosa (highly vascular layer)

Question 5

What is the function of AVA in the submucosa?

Answer 5

To shut down activity and secretions FAST

Question 6

In what layer do we find submucosal (Meissner’s) plexus?

Answer 6

Submucosa.

Duh.

Question 7

Functions of Submucosal (Meissner’s plexus)

Answer 7

1. To influence the mucosa

ie- secretion, blood flow, any limited muscle contrations

Question 8

3 muscle layers are possible in the muscularis externa. What are they?

Were are they especially present?

Answer 8

1. Innermost OBLIQUE (not always present)
2. Middle circular (well developed)
3. Outer longitudinal (thin)

Especially between cardia region and greater curvature; all smooth m.

Question 9

The stomach is covered in 
A. Serosa
B. Adventitia
C. Both
D. Boom shaka la

Answer 9

A. Serosa

Question 10

Does the Cardiac region have chief cells?

Answer 10

No. No chief cells in the cardiac region. None.

Question 11

Another name for a gastric gland

Answer 11

zymogenic gland

Question 12

DNES cells aka ____________ are found in the _______ region of a gastric gland

Answer 12

enteroendocrine cells

Isthmus

Question 13

Name 3 types of DNES cells in the stomach

Answer 13

Type D
Type EC
Type G

Question 14

What do type G cells do (DNES cells)

Answer 14

produce gastrin which stimulates:

• HCL and pepsinogen secretion
• gastric motility
• regenerative cells in body of stomach

Question 15

How long do neck cells in a gastric gland live?

Answer 15

6 days

Question 16

Neck mucous cells in the neck region of a gastric gland produce _________, which functions to __________

Answer 16

produce a soluble, less alkaline mucus, which functions to lubricate gastric contents

Question 17

The pyloric sphincter is

Answer 17

the anatomical sphincter between the pylorus of the stomach and the duodenum

Question 18

Characteristics of an anatomical sphincter

Answer 18

1. Well developed inner circular layer of muscle in the ME

2. Inner circular layer in ME can be independently controlled