Stomach

Question 1

Abdominal cavity compartments

Answer 1

9, 2 vertical lines (midclavicular), 2 horizontal (subcostal and intertubercular)

Question 2

Stomach location

Answer 2

upper part of abdomen, extends from beneath left costal margin into epigastric and umbilical regions.
-roughly J shaped

Question 3

Parts

Answer 3

2 orificies (cardiac, pyloric), 2 borders (greater and lesser), 2 surfaces (anterior and posterior), 2 parts

Question 4

Cardiac orifice

Answer 4

• site of gastro-esophageal sphincter
• circular layer, smooth muscle, vagal and hormonal control
• prev GER regurgitation
• mucosal transition from esophagus to stomach (Z line)

Question 5

Fundus

Answer 5

• located on left of cardiac orifice
• dome shaped
• usually full of gas, appears black in X ray

Question 6

Body

Answer 6

-extends from level of fundus to level of incisura angularis (constant notch in lesser curvature)

Question 7

Lesser curvature

Answer 7

• forms right border of stomach

- att to liver by lesser omentum

Question 8

Greater curvature

Answer 8

• forms left border of stomach
• upper part att to spleen by gastrosplenic lig
• lowere part att to transverse colon by greater omentum

Question 9

Pyloric antrum

Answer 9

Extends from incisura angularis to pylorus.

Question 10

Which plane does the pylorus lie in?

Answer 10

Transpyloric plane

Question 11

Anterior relations of stomach

Answer 11

• anterior abdominal wall
• left lung and pleura
• left costal margin
• left lobe of liver
• diaphragm

Question 12

Cardiac orifice (SA)

Answer 12

Opposite left seventh costal cartilage, 2.5cm from sternal (T10)

Question 13

Pyloric orifice (SA)

Answer 13

Transpyloric plane, 1cm to right of middle line (L1)

Question 14

Fundus (SA)

Answer 14

Reaches to left 5th intercostal space a little below the apex of the heart.

Question 15

5 arteries

Answer 15

-Left gastric artery: branch of celiac, runs along lesser curvature
-Right gastric:
branch of hepatic of celiac, runs along lesser curvature
-Short gastric
arise from splenic, pass in gastrosplenic lig
-Left gastroepiploic
from splenic, pass in gastrosplenic lig along greater curvature
-Right gastroepiploic
-from gastroduodenal artery of hepatic, passes to left along greater curvature

Question 16

Veins

Answer 16

• all drain into portal circulation
• right and left gastric veins drain directly into portal vein
• short gastric and legt gastroepiploic join splenic vein
• right gastroepiploic vein drains into sup mesenteric vein

Question 17

Lymph drainage

Answer 17

• follow arteries
• first drain into left and right gastric nodes, left and right gastroepiploic and short gastric nodes
• all lymph collected at celiac nodes

Question 18

Sympathetic fibres

Answer 18

Vasoconstrictors, antiperistaltic, carry pain sensation. From celiac plexus.

Question 19

Anterior vagal trunk (parasym)

Answer 19

• formed from left vagus, supplies ant surface of stomach

- gives off hepatic br and from this a branch to pylorus

Question 20

Posterior vagal trunk

Answer 20

• formed from right vagus, supp post surface of stomach

- gives off large branch to celiac and sup mesenteric plexuses