Stoma Flashcards
What What is classification stoma
According to duration and requirement
according to the type
according to the site
according to the function
What are the two types of stoma according to the duration
Temporary permanent
What are the types of a stoma
Loop
end
double barral
What are the functions of the stoma
Elimination feeding defunction
What are the sites of the systems use the stoma
G.I. track =oesophagus stomach duodenum jejanum ileum colon Respiratory track= trachea and lung Urinary system =kidney ureter bladder
What are the complications of stoma
Early within one week
late after one week
What are early complications of stoma
Ischemic necrosis retraction mucocutaneous separation hemorrhage skin excoriation
What are late complications of the stoma
Skin excoriation mucocutaneous separation prolapse parastomal hernia retraction stenosis obstruction of the small bowel hemorrhage
What are the dietary advises should do for colostomy patient
Ask to take low fiber diet to reduce the stool bulk and prevent obstruction
Avoid vegetables result in a offensive odour
Avoid vegetable which reduce flatus
Avoid the smoking
chew food well
Drink adequate amount of water
What is the principal in making colostomy and ileostomy
Ileostomy sprouted at least 2 cm from skin level
Colostomy mucosa level with skin
How to prevent the complications of the stoma
Correct sitting correct technique good family education good nursing care
How to manage the complications of a storma
Early detection Correct diagnosis nursing care refashioning resitting
How to identify the retraction of the stoma
Appear flush or below the skin level
What are the causes for Stoma re traction
Obesity
early removal of a stoma rod
stoma placement in stoma fold
How to manage stoma retraction
Conservative management
Use convex pouching system
stoma supporting Belt
What is mucocutaneous separation of stoma
Detachment of stoma from your skin
What is the causes for mucocutaneous separation
Poor wound healing
suture line tension
DM
malnutrition
How to manage mucocutaneous separation
Manage as wound (calcium alginate and silver dressing)
Use two piece pouching system
apply stoma products
avoid convex pouching system
What is the storm prolaps
Stoma becoming longer six inches or more
What are the reasons for stonal prolapse
Obesity
heavy lifting
increase abdominal pressure
Poor muscle tone
How to manage stoma prolapse
Conservative management large pouching reduce stoma size manually storm is support belt surgical repair
What is parastomal hernia
Swelling of the abdomen around the stoma pain and discomfort
Causes for parastomal hernia
Obesity age Sitting of the stoma outside the rectus muscle pressure in the abdominal cavity weakness of the abdominal wall
How to manage parastomal hernia
Conservative management
avoid heavy lifting
support belt
flexible pouching system
