Acute Pancreatitis

Question 1

It’s common disesase in which ages

Answer 1

Any age peak in young men and older women

Question 2

Two major causes

Answer 2

calculi, which occur in 50–70% of patients,

alcohol abuse

Question 3

What trigger gallstone pancreatitis

Answer 3

passage of gallstones down the common bile duct.

Question 4

Mechanism for alcoholic pancreatitis

Answer 4

effects of diet, 
malnutrition, 
direct toxicity of alcohol, 
concomitant tobacco smoking, 
hyperse- cretion, 
duct obstruction or reflux, 
 hyperlipidaemia

Question 5

Other causes for acute pancreatitis

Answer 5

undergo ERCP, 1–3%

sphincter of Oddi dys- function or a history of recurrent pancreatitis,

undergo sphincterotomy or balloon dilatation of the sphinc- ter

undergone upper abdominal or cardiotho- racic surgery may develop acute pancreatitis in the postoper- ative phase,

suffered blunt abdominal trauma.

Hereditary pancreatitis is a rare familial condition asso- ciated with mutations of the cationic trypsinogen gene.

Drugs (corticosteroids, azathioprine, asparaginase, valproic
acid, thiazides, oestrogens) STatins and gliptans

! Hyperparathyroidism

! Hypercalcaemia

! Pancreas divisum

! Autoimmune pancreatitis

! Hereditary pancreatitis

! Viral infections (mumps, coxsackie B)

! Malnutrition

! Scorpion bite

tumours at the ampulla of Vater

Idiopathic

Question 6

Who have risk of devaloping pancreatic CA

Answer 6

chronic pancreatitis in the next two decades and have a high risk (possibly up to 40%) of develop- ing pancreatic cancer by the age of 70 years.

Question 7

What happened if pt got young age acute pancreatitis

Answer 7

chronic pancreatitis

Question 8

What will done for acute pancreatitis caused by gallstones

Answer 8

cholecystectomy is desirable during the same admission

Question 9

Clinical symptoms

Answer 9

Pain is the cardinal symptom= epigastrium but may be localised to either upper quadrant or felt diffusely throughout the abdomen
radiation to the back gain relief by sitting or leaning forwards.

reaching maximum intensity within minutes rather than hours and persists for hours or even days

refractory to the usual doses of analgesics
Nausea, repeated vomiting and retching despite the stomach being kept empty by nasogastric aspiration.

Hic- coughs
gastric disten- sion or irritation of the diaphragm.

Question 10

Examination findings in acute pancreatitis

Answer 10

gravely ill with profound shock, toxicity and confusion. Tachypnoea
tachycardia
hypotension may be present

body temperature is often normal or even sub- normal,