Stoichiometry Formulas (AI) Flashcards
This deck was made by AI before being edited by me
What is the formula used to calculate the number of moles of a substance?
Number of moles = Mass (g) / Molar mass (g/mol)
True or False: The Law of Conservation of Mass states that mass can be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction.
False
Fill in the blank: In a balanced chemical equation, the number of ________ must be the same on both sides.
atoms
What is the molar mass of water (H2O)?
18.02 g/mol
What is the formula to convert between moles and volume of a gas at standard temperature and pressure (STP)?
Volume (L) = Number of moles × 22.4 L/mol
What does the symbol ‘ΔH’ represent in a chemical equation?
Change in enthalpy (heat content)
What is the stoichiometric coefficient?
The number in front of a compound in a balanced equation that indicates the ratio of moles.
True or False: Stoichiometry allows for the calculation of reactants and products in a chemical reaction.
True
What is the ideal gas law formula?
PV = nRT
Fill in the blank: The ________ of a reaction is the maximum amount of product that can be formed from given reactants.
theoretical yield
What is the formula for calculating percent yield?
Percent yield = (Actual yield / Theoretical yield) × 100%
In the reaction 2H2 + O2 -> 2H2O, what is the mole ratio of hydrogen to water?
1:1
What does ‘limiting reactant’ mean?
The reactant that is completely consumed first in a reaction, limiting the amount of product formed.
What is Avogadro’s number?
6.022 × 10^23 particles/mol
What is the formula for calculating the number of molecules from moles?
Number of molecules = Number of moles × Avogadro’s number
True or False: A balanced equation ensures the same number of each type of atom on both sides.
True
What is the formula for calculating the mass of a substance from moles?
Mass (g) = Number of moles × Molar mass (g/mol)
What does the term ‘exothermic reaction’ refer to?
A reaction that releases heat.
What is the formula for calculating the molarity of a solution?
Molarity (M) = Moles of solute / Liters of solution
Fill in the blank: In a chemical reaction, the ________ is the substance that undergoes change.
reactant
What is the general stoichiometric formula for combustion reactions?
Hydrocarbon + O2 -> CO2 + H2O
What is the relationship between moles and concentration?
Concentration = Moles of solute / Volume of solution (L)
True or False: The empirical formula represents the actual number of atoms in a molecule.
False
What is the empirical formula for glucose (C6H12O6)?
CH2O
What is the formula to calculate the number of grams in a given number of moles?
Mass (g) = Moles × Molar mass (g/mol)
In the reaction 4Fe + 3O2 -> 2Fe2O3, what is the mole ratio of iron to oxygen?
4:3
What is the formula for calculating the volume of a gas at non-STP conditions?
Use the ideal gas law: PV = nRT
Fill in the blank: The ________ of a reaction is the amount of product actually obtained.
actual yield
What is the formula to find the number of moles from the mass of a solute?
Number of moles = Mass (g) / Molar mass (g/mol)
What is the definition of a balanced chemical equation?
An equation where the number of atoms for each element is the same on both sides.
True or False: Stoichiometric calculations can only be performed with solid reactants.
False
What does the term ‘yield’ refer to in stoichiometry?
The amount of product produced in a chemical reaction.
What is the purpose of stoichiometry in chemistry?
To relate quantities of reactants and products in a chemical reaction.
What is the formula for calculating the mole fraction of a component in a mixture?
Mole fraction = Moles of component / Total moles of all components
In stoichiometry, what do you call the reactant that is not completely used up?
Excess reactant
What is the definition of a molecular formula?
A formula that shows the actual number of atoms of each element in a molecule.
What is the formula for calculating the number of moles from volume and molarity?
Number of moles = Molarity (M) × Volume (L)
What is the relationship between stoichiometric coefficients and moles?
Stoichiometric coefficients represent the ratio of moles of reactants and products.
True or False: The molar mass of a compound is the sum of the atomic masses of its elements.
True
What is the formula for calculating the change in energy during a reaction?
ΔE = E(products) - E(reactants)
What is the significance of the coefficients in a balanced equation?
They indicate the relative amounts of reactants and products involved in the reaction.
Fill in the blank: The ________ of a reaction is a measure of the efficiency of the reaction.
percent yield
What is the formula for calculating the total pressure in a mixture of gases?
Total pressure = P1 + P2 + P3 + … + Pn (Dalton’s Law)
What is the purpose of a limiting reactant in a chemical reaction?
To determine the maximum amount of product that can be formed.
