Stoichiometric Relationship Flashcards
Matter can exist in different states of matter depending on?
The temperature and pressure
what is dependent on the amount of kinetic energy that the particles possess?
the different arrangement and movement of the particles.
What is kinetic energy
the energy related to the motion (or movement) of an object
What are Changes of state at constant pressure directly related to ?
changes in temperature.
What causes changes in states of matter?
- When heated, the particles of a substance gain kinetic energy
- They are able to overcome the intermolecular forces that exist between them
- This results in a change of state
What is sublimation and what happens to heat for it to happen?
- Solid to gas
- Heat is absorbed
What is deposition and what happens to heat for it to happen?
-Gas to solid
- heat is released
What is evaporation and what happens to heat for it to happen?
-liquid to gas
- heat is absorbed
What is boiling and what happens to heat for it to happen?
- liquid to gas
- Heat is absorbed
What is condensation and what happens to heat for it to happen?
- Gas to liquid
- Heat is released
What is freezing and what happens to heat for it to happen?
- Liquid to solid
- heat is released
What is melting and what happens to heat for it to happen?
- Solid to liquid
- Heat is absorbed
Provide examples of substances that undergo sublimation at atmospheric pressure (3)
- Iodine
- Carbon Dioxide
- Ammonium Chloride
How does evaporation differ from boiling?
- Evaporation differs from boiling in that it takes place only at the surface of a liquid and can occur at temperatures below the boiling point of the liquid
- Boiling occurs at a specific temperature and takes place throughout the liquid. Bubbles of gas are formed within the liquid, not only at the surface.
How can changes in state be represented in equations? (3)
- Melting: H2O (s) → H2O (l)
- Sublimation: I2 (s) → I2 (g)
- Condensation: H2O (g) → H2O (l)
Why is it that during a change in state the temperature remains constant?
At these points, the energy is being used to overcome the intermolecular forces that exist between the particles.
What is the density of water in g/cm^{3}
1.00 g/cm^{3}
What is an atom?
It is the smallest particle that shows the characteristic properties of that element
What is an element?
is made up of the same kind of atom and cannot be broken down by chemical means into a simpler substance.
How many element on the periodic table occur naturally
92 Elements
What are metalloids
These are elements that have properties of both metals and non-metals
What is a compound?
it is made up of two or more different elements that are chemically combined.
Provide examples of compounds that exist as discrete molecules?
- Water (H2O)
- Ethanol ( C2H5OH)
- Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
What is a molecule?
It consists of two or more atoms that are chemically bonded together. The atoms can be the same, as in O2, or different, as in H2O.