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lIving in IT eRa p2 > stog > Flashcards

stog Flashcards

1
Q

What is the smallest unit of data that a binary computer can recognize?

A

Bit

A bit can be either a 1 or a 0.

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2
Q

How many bits are in a byte?

A

8 bits

A byte is commonly used to express the size of documents and files.

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3
Q

What does ASCII stand for?

A

American Standard Code for Information Interchange

ASCII is a coding system traditionally used with personal computers.

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4
Q

What is the primary purpose of the CPU?

A

To perform the vast majority of processing for a computer

It is also known as the processor or microprocessor.

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5
Q

True or False: EBCDIC is primarily used for personal computers.

A

False

EBCDIC was developed by IBM primarily for mainframe use.

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6
Q

What is machine language?

A

Binary-based language for representing computer programs

It is the language that the computer can execute directly.

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7
Q

What is the main circuit board inside the system unit called?

A

Motherboard

All devices must connect to the motherboard.

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8
Q

What does a dual-core CPU contain?

A

Two separate processors on a single CPU

A quad-core CPU contains four cores.

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9
Q

Fill in the blank: The amount of data that a CPU can manipulate at one time is known as _______.

A

Word size

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10
Q

What is RAM?

A

Random Access Memory

It is the computer’s main memory and is volatile.

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11
Q

What type of memory retains its contents when the power goes out?

A

ROM

ROM stands for Read-Only Memory.

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12
Q

What is cache memory?

A

A special group of very fast memory chips located on or close to the CPU

More cache memory typically means faster processing.

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13
Q

What is the function of the system clock?

A

Synchronizes the computer’s operations

It provides timing for the computer’s processes.

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14
Q

True or False: The CPU clock speed is measured in megabytes.

A

False

CPU clock speed is measured in megahertz (MHz) or gigahertz (GHz).

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15
Q

What is pipelining in computer processing?

A

Allows multiple instructions to be processed at one time

It improves the efficiency of CPU operations.

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16
Q

What is nanotechnology?

A

The science of creating tiny computers and components less than 100 nanometers in size

Future applications may be built by working at the individual atomic and molecular levels.

17
Q

What characterizes quantum computing?

A

Utilizes atoms or nuclei working together as quantum bits (qubits)

Qubits can represent more than two states.

18
Q

What is an expansion card?

A

A circuit board used to add additional functionality or to attach a peripheral device

Expansion cards are inserted into expansion slots.

19
Q

Fill in the blank: The amount of data that can be transferred by the bus in a given time period is known as _______.

A

Throughput

20
Q

What is the purpose of benchmark tests?

A

To evaluate overall processing speed

They can help in comparing different computer systems.

21
Q

What is the difference between volatile and non-volatile memory?

A

Volatile memory loses its contents when powered off, while non-volatile memory retains its contents

RAM is volatile, while ROM is non-volatile.

22
Q

What does the term ‘bus width’ refer to?

A

The number of wires in the bus over which data can travel

Bus width and speed determine the throughput of the bus.

23
Q

What is the primary coding system designed to represent text in any language?

A

Unicode

It is replacing ASCII as the primary text-coding system.

24
Q

What are the two states that digital computers can understand?

A

Off and on (0 and 1)

This binary representation is fundamental to digital computing.

25
Q

ASCII is for

A

traditionally used with personal computers

26
Q

EBCDIC developed by IBM, primarily for

A

mainframe use

27
Q

A very small pieces of silicon or other semi-conducyong material onto which integrated circuitd are embedded.

A

Compiter chip

28
Q

CPU Clock Speed = Measurement of processing speed. How is it measured?

A

Megahertz (MHz) or Gigahertz(GHz

29
Q

More cache memory typically means faster processin—True or False?

A

True

30
Q

An electronic path over which data can travel

The number of wires in the bus over which data can travel

Determines the throughput of the bus

A

Bus

Bus width

Bud width and speed

lIving in IT eRa p2 (3 decks)

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