STM/WM Flashcards
The conclusion from the experiment in which a chess master and a chess novice were asked to remember the position of chess pieces on a chess board was that:
chess masters use chuncking to help them remember actual game arrangements
Brown and Peterson & Peterson ran similar experiments and both concluded that the duration of STM was 15-20 seconds because of decay. Examining the same data Keppel & Underwood came to this different conclusion:
The duration of STM is determined by the amount of proactive interference.
The affects of proactive interference on STM can be alleviated by ______ as shown by Wicken’s and Colleagues.
changing semantic category of information being held in mind
The code of STM
- Visual
- Auditory
- Semantic
Which of the following best describes the distinction between STM & WM?
STM is seen as a unitary storage area whereas WM is a working area in which different pieces of information can be manipulated.
What are the 4 component of the WM model presented in the text?
Central Executive, Phonological Loop, Visuospatial Sketchpad, Episodic Buffer
How does the articulatory suppression task affect on spatial processing task?
it doesn’t affect performance
According to the WM model, what happens if too much demand is placed on the phonological loop?
it borrows resources from the central executive.
You are doing an experiment in which you have to visual a large block letter E. On some trials you point to a Y on the left side of a paper for each outside corner as you visualize moving around the E clockwise or to an N on the right side of the paper for inside corners (point trials). On other trails you are to say Yes to each outside corner and NO for each inside corner (speaking trials). Which type of trials results in better/easier performance.
Speaking Trials
You are running an experiment using the delayed-response task with monkeys. Once they have been trained the monkeys choose the correct well 100% of the time. Provided your task has 2 food wells, how well do the monkeys perform when you lesion the prefrontal cortex.
50%
What part of the brain is most associated with the central executive?
Pre-frontal cortex
According to the embedded process model
STM is the active part of LTM to which our attention is focused
Jill’s friends tell her they think she has a really good memory. She finds this interesting so she decides to purposefully test her memory. Jill receives a list of to-do tasks each day at work. Usually, she checks off each item as the day progresses, but this week, she is determined to memorize the to-do lists. On Monday, Jill is proud to find that she remembers 95 percent of the tasks without referring to the list. On Tuesday, her memory drops to 80 percent, and by Thursday, she is dismayed to see her performance has declined to 20 percent. Jill does not realize that she is demonstrating a natural mechanism of memory known as
proactive interference
coding refers to the way information is
represented
Conduct an experiment where participants see a number of target letters flashed briefly on a screen and are told to immediately write down the letters in the order they were presented. It is most likely that the target letter “P” will be misidentified as
C
