stm/ltm Flashcards
what is the capacity of stm
5-9 items
what is the duration of stm
18-30 seconds
how is stm encoded
acoustically
what is the capacity of ltm
unlimited
what is the duration of ltm
lifetime
how is ltm encoded
semantically
what did jacobs study
capacity of stm
what was jacobs study
pp were shown letters/numbers and asked to recall them. amount was increased each time.
what were the results of jacobs study
most pp recalled 7 letters and 9 numbers
what is an advantage of jacobs study
can be replicated for reliability
what is a disadvantage of jacobs study
lacks ecological validity/has demand characteristics
what did miller study
capacity of stm
what was millers study
pp were given letters/numbers to recall. some were chunked into meaningful groups eg.911/USA.
what was the results of millers study
pp recalled more when they were chunked. capacity of stm can be increased by organising information
what is an advantage of millers study
lab experiment
what is a disadvantage of millers study
could be argued to measure ltm
what did peterson and peterson study
duration of stm
what was peterson and petersons study
pp shown trigrams then had to carry out interference task. they then had to recall the trigrams and the interference was increased in 3sec intervals
what was the results from peterson and petersons study
number recalled decreased as interval increased. 90% recalled at 3sec and 2% at 18sec
what is a strength of peterson and petersons study
lab experiment/replicable
what is a weakness of peterson and petersons study
lacks population validity/demand characteristics
what did bahrick study
duration of ltm
what was bahricks study
pp were asked to recall classmates names(free recall),recall names with photo prompt OR match names and faces
what were the results from bahricks study
30% could free recall after 30 years/90% could match names and faces after 14 years/60% could match names and faces after 47 years
what is an advantage of bahricks study
high ecological validity
what is a disadvantage of bahricks study
cant control extraneous variables
what did baddeley study
encoding of stm/ltm
what was baddeleys study
pp given 4 sets of words; acoustically similar(man,map), acoustically dissimilar(cow,pit), semantically similar(big,large), semantically dissimilar(good,hot). some had an interference task some didnt
what was the results of baddeleys study
immediate recall struggled with acoustically similar. interference recall struggled with sematically similar
what is an advantage of baddeleys study
lab experiment
what is a disadvantage of baddeleys study
doesnt include visual encoding
