STM

Question 1

Basic types of Soft Tissue Mobilization

Answer 1

1)Effleurage
2)Stroking
3)Petrissage
4) Strumming
5) Skin rolling
6) Cross Friction massage

Question 2

Efflurage

Answer 2

“Brushing technique” applied to muscle & soft tissue from distal to proximal
Goal: relaxation, increased venous & lymphatic drainage (lymph node —> lymph vessels)

Question 3

Efflurage

Answer 3

“Brushing technique” applied to muscle & soft tissue from distal to proximal
Goal: relaxation, increased venous & lymphatic drainage (lymph node —> lymph vessels)

Question 4

Stroking

Answer 4

Stroke applied along the length of muscle
Goal: Relaxation, Decrease muscle tone, fluid movement

Question 5

Petrissage

Answer 5

Involves compression of soft-tissue
ex: Kneading, wringing, rolling
Goal: to release areas of muscle fibrosis & to “milk” the muscle of waste product toxins due to trauma or inactivity

Question 6

Strumming

Answer 6

Repeated rhythmic deformations across muscle belly in a strumming fashion
Goal: increase motion & flexibility of muscle; decrease tone/tension of the muscle

Question 7

Skin Rolling

Answer 7

Goal : to assist with movement of superficial layers & superficial fascia’s

Question 8

Cross friction massage

Answer 8

Cross-grain massage breaking up adhesions of muscle, tendon sheaths or ligaments — do not exceed 5 mins
Goal: to prevent & treat inflammatory scar tissue

Question 9

Contraindications of Cross Friction

Answer 9

Hematomas, debilitated or open skin, peripheral nerve or diminished sensation

Question 10

Therapeutic effects according to Cyriax for Cross Friction

Answer 10

• Increase blood flow
• Remove of chemical irritant by-products of inflammation
• Reduces venous congestion
• Stimulates mechanoreceptors
• Reduce scar tissue & improve scar tissue mobility

Question 11

Strain Counterstrain

Answer 11

Passive positioning to relieve muscle, joint, and tissue tightness

Question 12

Mechanical Effects of STM

Answer 12

• Used in the treatment of scar tissues & adhesions
• Promote & retain mobility of new skin tissue
• Frees adherent mucus from bronchial tree

Question 13

Physiological Effects of STM

Answer 13

• Increased circulatory flow, blood velocity & blood viscosity
• Effect BP, HR, & skin temperature & conductivity & oxygen consumption
• Increased release of histamine from mast cells
• Release endorphins — reduces chronic pain
• Increased levels of immunoglobulin A — improves immune system
• Improves sleep outcomes

Question 14

Contraindications of STM _ Absolute

Answer 14

• Tissue inflammation/ Malignancy
• Circulatory disorders
• Abnormal sensations
  -Skin disorders
• Early bruising
• Recent, unhealed scar or open wounds
• Recent fracture site
• Hx of or suspected DVT
• Burns
• Advanced osteoporosis

Question 15

Contraindications of STM _ Relative

Answer 15

• Older people
• Those with fragile skin
• Early stage of osteoporosis
• Children
• Adults with learning &/or physical disabilities
• People recovering from infections & bone density