Patient Care Flashcards
Preparing for Patient Care
- Know your Patient
(Intake form, chart, PATIENT ID & prescription) - Have sufficient space to maneuver equipment
- Keep the floor clean of lines, cords, litter
*Perform Hand washing - DO NOT leave pts unattended
- Be sure all involved personnel are trained & qualified
Personal Introductions
1) Name 2) Title 3) Professional status 4) Why i am here
Patient Interaction
- Inform the patient of the treatment goals, expected outcome
- Allow patient to ask questions or decline treatment
- Extend hand, eye contact, be at eye level, BODY LANGUAGE
- Always be mindful of pt modesty and/or cultural diversity
HIPAA
Health Insurance Portability & Accountability Act
- rules & regulations surrounding the transmittal & use of personal health information
- strict penalties for disclosing or accessing information improperly
Advanced Directives
“Living wills”
- Set of instructions regarding healthcare & life sustaining wishes should a person become incapacitated
- Names a medical power of attorney
~ Defaults to spouse if no medical POA on file
~ Parent for child <18
- Informed consent
~ Discuss plan of care w/ pt. & allow them to agree or disagree
~ Use an interpreter if necessary (if pt. Agrees)
Communication
1) Verbal
-pt. Vs. family. Healthcare
-culture & LANGUAGE
-education level
-jargon
2) Non- verbal
-body gestures, movements & posture
-facial & APPEARANCE
3) Written
-geriatric/pediatric patients
-less formally educated patients
Wash Your Hands
Nosocomial infections #1 source = Hands
- Nails must be trimmed short
- No artificial nails (breed bacteria)
Alcohol rubs = equally effective except for C. Diff (Clostridium Difficile)
- Small amount into hand & then rub until DRY
Wash Your hands cont.
- Remove all jewelry
- Wash for at least 30 seconds
- Wet wrist, hands & fingers with a fingers directed DOWNWARD
- Apply soap & use friction & rotary motion
- Rinse with a downward water stream from forearm area to fingertips
- Dry completely
- Use towel to turn OFF water faucet
Think Safety
- Perform Hand washing
- Maintain sufficient space to maneuver equipment
- Check & maintain equipment
- Keep floor clean of lines, cords, litter, etc.
- Do NOT leave patients unattended
- Be sure the personnel who provide patient care are trained & qualified
Precautions - Hospital/Inpatient
1) Working towards standardization
2) Infection control nurse/ team
3) Evidence based
4) Rooms have signs denoting precaution’s required
Precautions - Universal
Treat everything as infectious
1) Gloves & handwashing — IN & OUT
2) Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) as appropriate
3) Be mindful of faculty resources (PPE as needed)
Cycle of Cross Contamination & Infection
- Reservoir & Host
- Method of Exit
- Method of Transmission
- Method of Entry into NEW HOST
- Susceptible
- New infection
I am responsible for infection control
Precautions for Contact Isolation
Infectious agent —> (MRSA & VRE & C-diff)
- Single room or room with someone else with same infectious agent
- Patient may not be actively “sick”
- Patient must be gowned & gloved when leaving room
PPE
- everyone who enters the room
- Gown & Gloves every time i enter room
- Never re- use PPE
Airborne Precautions
Tuberculosis or Chicken Pox (+ contact)
If TB: special negative air pressure room
- infectious agent remains in air long distances for a long time
- N-95 mask (specially fitted), gown,gloves
- Donned prior to entering ante room
- Ante room then patients room
- First door closed before opening the second door
- PPE donned in anteroom after first door is closed
-If patient leaves room needs a MASK
- Limit visitors
Droplet Precautions (aka Airborne + or Contact +)
Influenza or Covid
- Droplets carry through mucous membranes or close pulmonary contact & can come in contact with surfaces
- PPE
1) Mask 2) Gown 3) Goggles 4) Gloves
- Limit visitors
- Single use patient care items
Steps for Donn & Doff
Donn = Gel hands, Gown, Mask, Goggles, Gloves
Doff= Gloves, Gown,Gel hands, Goggles, Mask
