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Patho/Pharm Exam 3 > STIs > Flashcards

STIs Flashcards

1
Q

STIs

A

Usually start as lesion on genitals or mucous membranes

-latent or sub clinical phase present

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2
Q

Gonorrhea

A

2nd most common

  • highest incidence in adolescents and African Americans
  • direct physical contact with host
  • killed by drying, heating, or washing with antiseptic
  • incubation: 3-8 days
  • tubul pregnancy, chronic pelvic pain, infertility in women
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3
Q

Gonorrhea Male manifestations

A

Initial site is urethra

  • symptoms develop 2-5 days
  • dysuriw, profuse, purple to discharge
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4
Q

Female gonorrhea

A

Mostly asymptomatic

  • vaginal discharge, dysuria, frequency of urination
  • after intubation: redness and swelling, greenish yellow purulent exudate
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5
Q

Gonorrhea male and female manifestations

A

Transmission more efficient from men to women

  • anorectal gonorrhea: includes soreness, itching, and discharge
  • orogenital: few symptoms, gonococcal pharyngitis can develop
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6
Q

Gonorrhea complications

A

Men: prostatitis, urethral strictures, sterility
Women: PID, Bartholin’s abscess, ectopic pregnancy, infertility

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7
Q

Gonorrhea Dx

A

Men: positive finding in gram stained smear of discharge
Women: need culture to confirm

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8
Q

Syphilis

A

Mainly due to men having sex with men

  • destroyed by drying, heating, washing
  • incubation: 10-90 days
  • spread in utero after 10 week of pregnancy
  • tertiary/late stage: rare manifestations, gummy’s, CV probs, neurosyphilis
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9
Q

Syphilis manifestations

A

Chancres appear: painless insulated lesions, 10-90 days, lasting 3-8 weeks
Systemic: flu like symptoms, bilateral symmetric rash, mucous patches

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10
Q

Syphilis complications

A

Mostly in late syphilis

  • gummy’s
  • aneurysm
  • scaring of aortic valve
  • neurosyphilis
  • tabes dorsal is: nerve damage
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11
Q

Syphilis Dx

A

Sexual history
PE: lesions and s/s
Dark field microscopy
Serologic testing to monitor neurosyphilis

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12
Q

Chlamydia

A

Major contributor to PID, ectopic pregnancy, infertility in women, nongonococcal urethritis in men

  • most common in US
  • transmitted during vaginal, anal, or oral sex
  • incubation: 1-3 weeks
  • silent disease
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13
Q

Chlamydia Male Manifestations

A

Urethritis: dysuria and urethral discharge
Proctitis: rectal discharge and pain during defecation
Epippdidymtis: unilateral scrotal pain, swelling, tenderness, fever

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14
Q

Chlamydia Female Manifestations

A

Cervicitis: mucopurulent discharge, hypertrophic ectopy
Urethritis: dysuria, pyuria, frequent urination
Bartholinitis: purulent exudate
Perihepatitis: abdominal pain, NV, fever, malaise, vaginal bleeding

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15
Q

Chlamydia diagnosis

A 
NAAT
DFA
EIA
Men: rule out gonorrhea
Cervical/uretheral discharge less purulent, watery, and painful in chlamydia
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16
Q

Chlamydia care

A

Doxycycline
Azithromycin
Abstinence for 7 days

17
Q

Genital herpes

A

Caused by HSV
-enters thru mucous membranes or breaks in the skin
-ascends to sensory or autonomic ganglion where it’s dormant
-HSV-1: infection above waist
-HSV-2: infects genital tract and perineum
Either strain can cause disease on mouth or genitals

18
Q

Genital Herpes Primary Manifestations

A 
Burning or tingling at site
Small vesicular lesion
Lesions rupture and form ulcers
-fever, headache, malaise, myalgia, regional lymphadenopathy 
-urination may be painful
Primary lesions present for 17-20 days
19
Q

Recurrent genital herpes

A

Triggers: stress, fatigue, sunburn, menses
-prodromal symptoms of tingling, burning, itching at lesion site
-lesions heal 8-12 days
Avoid sexual activity should be avoid if lesions present

20
Q

Genital herpes complications

A

Aseptic meningitis
Lower neuron damage: atonic bladder, impotence, constipation
Autoinoculation: lips, breasts, fingers
High risk of transmission in pregnancy: active lesion is indication for c section
HSV infection of eye

21
Q

Genital herpes care

A

Viral isolation of tissue culture

Antibody assay for HSV viral type

22
Q

Herpes care

A

Treat with -clovir
Genital hygiene
Loose fitting cotton underwear
Sitz bath

23
Q

Genital warts

A

Caused by HPV, highly contagious

  • incubation 3-4 months
  • white to gray and pink-fleshed color
  • large cauliflower masses
  • itching
  • bleeding defecation
24
Q

Genital warts complications

A

Rapid growth with pregnancy
Transmitted to newborn
Linked with cervical and vulvar cancer in women
Linked with anorectal and squamous cell carcinoma of penis

25
Q

Genital warts diagnosis

A

Based on appearance of lesions
HPV DNA test for women with abnormal Pap smear
Primary goal: removal of symptomatic warts

26
Q

Genital warts care

A

Chemical: TCA, BCA, Podophyllin resin (small external warts)
Patient managed: Podofilox, Imiquimod
HPV vaccine for preteen boys and girls

Patho/Pharm Exam 3 (13 decks)

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