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Immunology > STIs > Flashcards

STIs Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 2 common pathogens causing cervicitis?

A
  1. chlamydia

2. gonorrhea

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2
Q

what are the 5 causes of vaginitis?

A
  • yeast (candida)
  • bacterial vaginosis
  • trichomonas
  • allergy/atrophy
  • foreign body
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3
Q

What is the Ddx for mucopurulant discharge from vagina?

A

-chlamydia, gonorrhea, bacterial vaginosis, trichomonas, foreign body (tampon)

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4
Q

What are the sx of cervicitis?

A
  • mucopurulant d/c
  • asymptomatic**
  • dysuria
  • altered menstrual bleeding
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5
Q

What is the most common bacterial STI in Canada?

A

Chlamydia Trachomatis

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6
Q

What is the main complication of untreated Chlamydia?

A

-Pelvic inflammatory Disease (PID): infertility, ectopic pregnancy, chronic pelvic pain

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7
Q

What is the rx for chlamydia?

A

azithromycin or doxycycline

  • rx partner
  • reportable
  • no intercourse 1 wk
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8
Q

What is the causal pathogen of gonorrhea?

A

Neisseria gonorrhea

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9
Q

What happens w disseminated gonorrhea?

A

fever, rash, tenosynovitis, polyarthralgias, purulent monoarthritis

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10
Q

How to rx Gonorrhea?

A

-Ceftriaxone IM and Azithromycin PO (bc chlamydia and gonorrhea often package deal)

  • rx partner
  • reportable
  • no intercourse 1 wk
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11
Q

Bacterial vaginosis is caused by what pathogen?

A

Gardnerella vaginalis

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12
Q

What are the sx of bacterial vaginosis?

A
  • asymptomatic, thin/gray/white d/d w fishy odour
  • not STI

-non reportable

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13
Q

What is the rx for bacterial vaginosis?

A

Flagyl

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14
Q

What pathogen causes vaginitis trichomonas?

A

Trichomonal vaginalis (protozoa)

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15
Q

what are the sx of vaginitis trichomonas?

A
  • Asx, or gray/green, frothy d/c w fishy odour

- vaginal/cervical erythema

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16
Q

How to rx vaginitis trichomonas?

A
  • Flagyl
  • rx partner
  • non reportable
17
Q

What are the reportable STIs (to Public Health)?

A
  • Chlamydia
  • Gonorrhea
  • Trichomonas
  • Syphilis
  • Hepatitis B

CGTSHB

18
Q

What are the signs/sx of urethritis?

A

mucopurulent d/c
urinary frequency, dysuria
meatal redness
Asx

19
Q

What are the major pathogens causing urethritis?

A
  1. Gonorrhea (GN intracellular diplococci) 40%
  2. Non-gonoccoal urethritis (NGU):
    - Chlamydia (15-55%)
    - Ureaplasma Urealyticum (20%)
  3. Other:
    - mycoplasma genitalium
    - trichomonas vaginalis
    - HPV
    - adenovirus (rare)
    - Candida Albican (rare)
20
Q

What is the rx for urethritis?

A

-azithromycin or doxycyline + ceftriaxone IM (if GC)

  • abstinence for 7 days
  • rx partner (list 60 days)
21
Q

what is the main complication of untreated urethritis in men?

A

chronic prostatitis

22
Q

What are the sx for epididymitis?

A
  • gradual onset
  • unilateral testicular pain/swelling/tenderness
  • maybe fever, maybe d/c

-ddx: trauma, torsion, tumour

35 yo: 3/4 coliforms or pseudomonas

23
Q

What is the rx for epididymitis?

A

if 35: ofloxacin

24
Q

What is the ddx for genital ulcers?

A
  1. Infectious (most common):
    - genital herpes HSV 1,2
    - syphilis
    - chancroid
    - Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV)
    - granuloma inguinale
  2. Non-infectious
    - Behcet syndrome
    - fixed drug eruption
    - psoriasis
    - sexual trauma
25
Q

Describe the sx of genital herpes:

A
  • painful
  • multiple vesicles
  • ulcerate then crust
  • heal within 14-21 d
  • constitutional: fever, myalgias, lymphadonopathy
26
Q

Describe HSV:

A
  • dsDNA virus
  • retrograde transport to sensory ganglia (latent infx, lifelong)
  • incubation (2-21 d)

90% HSV-2 infx= gential
90% HSV-1= oral

27
Q

What is used to rx HSV infection?

A
  • no cure
  • rx: anti-virals (lower load): acyclovir, famcyclovir, valacyclovir
  • valtrex (to dec transmission to partner by 48%)
28
Q

What is the pathogen causing syphilis?

A

Treponema Pallidum

29
Q

What are the sx of syphilis?

A

-painless, non-tender lymphadenopathy

30
Q

How is syphilis rx?

A

Penicillin IM

31
Q

What pathogen causes chancroid?

A

Haemophilus Ducreyi

32
Q

What forms of HPV progress to cancer?

A

HPV 16, 18

33
Q

What are the most common strains of HPV?

A

HPV 6, 11 (low cancer risk)

34
Q

What rx is used for HPV?

A

LNO2, Imiquimod, Podophyllin , TCA

35
Q

Describe moluscum contagiosum:

A
  • divot in centre of lesion
  • viral dsDNA pox virus
  • common in kids
  • liquid nitrogen rx

Immunology (32 decks)

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