STIs Flashcards
What are the 2 common pathogens causing cervicitis?
- chlamydia
2. gonorrhea
what are the 5 causes of vaginitis?
- yeast (candida)
- bacterial vaginosis
- trichomonas
- allergy/atrophy
- foreign body
What is the Ddx for mucopurulant discharge from vagina?
-chlamydia, gonorrhea, bacterial vaginosis, trichomonas, foreign body (tampon)
What are the sx of cervicitis?
- mucopurulant d/c
- asymptomatic**
- dysuria
- altered menstrual bleeding
What is the most common bacterial STI in Canada?
Chlamydia Trachomatis
What is the main complication of untreated Chlamydia?
-Pelvic inflammatory Disease (PID): infertility, ectopic pregnancy, chronic pelvic pain
What is the rx for chlamydia?
azithromycin or doxycycline
- rx partner
- reportable
- no intercourse 1 wk
What is the causal pathogen of gonorrhea?
Neisseria gonorrhea
What happens w disseminated gonorrhea?
fever, rash, tenosynovitis, polyarthralgias, purulent monoarthritis
How to rx Gonorrhea?
-Ceftriaxone IM and Azithromycin PO (bc chlamydia and gonorrhea often package deal)
- rx partner
- reportable
- no intercourse 1 wk
Bacterial vaginosis is caused by what pathogen?
Gardnerella vaginalis
What are the sx of bacterial vaginosis?
- asymptomatic, thin/gray/white d/d w fishy odour
- not STI
-non reportable
What is the rx for bacterial vaginosis?
Flagyl
What pathogen causes vaginitis trichomonas?
Trichomonal vaginalis (protozoa)
what are the sx of vaginitis trichomonas?
- Asx, or gray/green, frothy d/c w fishy odour
- vaginal/cervical erythema
How to rx vaginitis trichomonas?
- Flagyl
- rx partner
- non reportable
What are the reportable STIs (to Public Health)?
- Chlamydia
- Gonorrhea
- Trichomonas
- Syphilis
- Hepatitis B
CGTSHB
What are the signs/sx of urethritis?
mucopurulent d/c
urinary frequency, dysuria
meatal redness
Asx
What are the major pathogens causing urethritis?
- Gonorrhea (GN intracellular diplococci) 40%
- Non-gonoccoal urethritis (NGU):
- Chlamydia (15-55%)
- Ureaplasma Urealyticum (20%) - Other:
- mycoplasma genitalium
- trichomonas vaginalis
- HPV
- adenovirus (rare)
- Candida Albican (rare)
What is the rx for urethritis?
-azithromycin or doxycyline + ceftriaxone IM (if GC)
- abstinence for 7 days
- rx partner (list 60 days)
what is the main complication of untreated urethritis in men?
chronic prostatitis
What are the sx for epididymitis?
- gradual onset
- unilateral testicular pain/swelling/tenderness
- maybe fever, maybe d/c
-ddx: trauma, torsion, tumour
35 yo: 3/4 coliforms or pseudomonas
What is the rx for epididymitis?
if 35: ofloxacin
What is the ddx for genital ulcers?
- Infectious (most common):
- genital herpes HSV 1,2
- syphilis
- chancroid
- Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV)
- granuloma inguinale - Non-infectious
- Behcet syndrome
- fixed drug eruption
- psoriasis
- sexual trauma
Describe the sx of genital herpes:
- painful
- multiple vesicles
- ulcerate then crust
- heal within 14-21 d
- constitutional: fever, myalgias, lymphadonopathy
Describe HSV:
- dsDNA virus
- retrograde transport to sensory ganglia (latent infx, lifelong)
- incubation (2-21 d)
90% HSV-2 infx= gential
90% HSV-1= oral
What is used to rx HSV infection?
- no cure
- rx: anti-virals (lower load): acyclovir, famcyclovir, valacyclovir
- valtrex (to dec transmission to partner by 48%)
What is the pathogen causing syphilis?
Treponema Pallidum
What are the sx of syphilis?
-painless, non-tender lymphadenopathy
How is syphilis rx?
Penicillin IM
What pathogen causes chancroid?
Haemophilus Ducreyi
What forms of HPV progress to cancer?
HPV 16, 18
What are the most common strains of HPV?
HPV 6, 11 (low cancer risk)
What rx is used for HPV?
LNO2, Imiquimod, Podophyllin , TCA
Describe moluscum contagiosum:
- divot in centre of lesion
- viral dsDNA pox virus
- common in kids
- liquid nitrogen rx
