Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Gynae > STIs > Flashcards

STIs Flashcards

1
Q

Sexual Health Screen involves…

A

Taking a sexual history
Offering appropriate testing
Intimate partner violence screening

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

All sexually active MSM should be screened for STIs how often?

A

At least annually

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

MSM in the following categories should be screened every 3 months

A

New partner or multiple sexual contacts
Group sex
Use of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP)
Use of recreational drugs during sex (chemsex)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

If there are any symptoms - then it is no longer STI ‘screening’ and therefore an _______ is required

A

Examination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Which STIs required contact tracing

A

Chlamydia
Gonorrhoea
Trichomoniasis
HIV
Syphilis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

People with chlamydia, gonorrhoea and trichomoniasis should inform all sexual contacts from past ______ that they need testing and treatment

A

3 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Do contacts of chlamydia, gonorrhoea and trichomoniasis need treatment?

A

Current recommendation in NZ is to treat all contacts empirically regardless of their results

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Duration of contact tracing for HIV and syphilis

A

Duration of contact tracing varies depending on the situation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Can you do contact tracing as a doctor?

A

Clinicians can also offer to contact trace anonymously on the patient’s behalf, if this is preferred

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Can you use patient delivered partner therapy for STIs in NZ?

A

Patient-delivered partner therapy is not legal in NZ currently (is sometimes used internationally)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

For chlamydia, gonorrhoea and trichomoniasis how long should patients refrain from sexual intercourse to prevent reinfection?

A

Do not have sex until a week after they have been treated, and until a week after their sexual contact(s) have been treated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

It is good practice to contact patients ______ after STI treatment to ensure…

A

1 week
Sx have resolved
They have been compliant with treatment
They have contact traced
They have abstained from sex in the meantime

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What should you do if a patient has sex with an untreated partner within the week after STI treatment?

A

Retreat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

It is generally recommended that anyone with an STI is rescreened in _____ as a test for reinfection.

A

3 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

_________ are the only STIs which are notifiable diseases

A

Syphilis
Gonorrhea
HIV/AIDS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Unlike other notifiable diseases, STI notifications must not include any _________

A

Identifiable information

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is PID

A

Upper genital tract infection in women

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

PID may involve the endometrium with or without involving the ________

A

Fallopian tubes and peritoneal space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Is PID sexually transmitted?

A

Usually

20
Q

Most common organisms causing PID

A

Chlamydia trachomatis
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Mycoplasmas
Mixed anaerobes

21
Q

In addition to sexual transmission, PID may occur following…

A

IUD insertion
TOP or upper genital tract instrumentation
Post-partum

22
Q

Symptoms of PID

A

Lower abdominal pain
Deep dyspareunia
Abnormal vaginal bleeding
Discharge

23
Q

Complications of PID

A

Tubo-ovarian abscess
Fitz-hugh Curtis (perihepatitis)
Chronic pelvic pain
Ectopic pregnancy
Tubal factor infertility

24
Q

How is PID diagnosed?

A

Clinically
No single lab test is diagnostic of PID and STI tests are often negative

25
Q

Criteria for starting treatment for PID

A

In women at risk for STIs if they have pelvic/lower abdo pain (no other cause identified) plus one or more of the following present on pelvic exam:
- Cervical motion tenderness
- Uterine tenderness
- Adnexal tenderness

26
Q

Additional features to support the diagnosis of PID may include

A

Abnormal cervical or vaginal mucopurulent discharge
Fever >38
Elevated WCC or CRP
Confirmed STI or bacterial vaginosis

27
Q

Maori and Pacific MSM are slightly less likely to have HIV but are ____ as likely to be diagnosed late and present with advanced HIV

A

> 2x

28
Q

_________ transmission accounts for the vast majority of new HIV diagnoses in NZ with ________ most at risk

A

Sexual transmission
Gay and bisexual men

29
Q

Why is it important to include HIV as part of any STI screen?

A

Number of heterosexual infections in NZ is much smaller but a higher % are diagnosed late

30
Q

Prognosis of HIV

A

With early diagnosis and treatment people with HIV can generally expect to live normal healthy lives and have an essentially normal life expectancy

31
Q

How much does HIV treatment cost?

A

HIV care is free for anyone in NZ, regardless of residency status

32
Q

Antenatal HIV screening was introduced in NZ in ______ after a child acquired HIV through perinatal transmission and the mother had not been offered testing

A

2008

33
Q

Treatment of women with HIV in pregnancy reduces perinatal transmission from ___ to ___

A

31.5% to <1%

34
Q

What is the window period in HIV

A

The maximum length of time it takes after sexual contact for an HIV test to become positive

35
Q

~95% of 4th generation (ie commonly used) HIV blood tests will be positive by around ______ after infection

A

4 weeks

36
Q

99.9% of HIV infections will be detected by ________ after infection

A

3 months

37
Q

What is U=U

A

Undetectable = untransmittable
People living with HIV who are on antiretroviral treatment and maintain an undetectable viral load for at least 6 months do not sexually transmit HIV

38
Q

Do patients with HIV have to disclose their HIV status to sexual partners

A

NZ law requires people living with HIV to take “reasonable precautions” to avoid transmission if they do not disclose their HIV status. “Reasonable precautions” has been interpreted by the courts to mean using condoms for sexual intercourse.

39
Q

Chlamydia infects what parts of the body?

A

Endocervix
Urethra
Rectum
Occasionally pharynx and conjunctivae

40
Q

How is chlamydia transmitted?

A

Contact with infected genital secretions
Sexual practices such as fingering which allow inoculation of infected secretions onto mucous membranes
Mother to baby at vaginal delivery

41
Q

Chlamydia is most commonly diagnosed in what groups of people?

A

Adolescents and young sexually active adults <30yo
Sexual contacts of people with chlamydia
People who have multiple sexual contacts or a new sexual contact
People who have not consistently used condoms
Māori and Pacific Peoples

42
Q

Signs and symptoms with chlamydia of the urethra

A

~50% are asymptomatic
Dysuria
Discharge (penile urethra)

43
Q

Signs and symptoms with chlamydia of the cervix

A

~75% are asymptomatic
Vaginal discharge
Post coital bleeding
Intermenstrual bleeding

44
Q

Signs and symptoms of chlamydia of the anorectum

A

Often asymptomatic
Discharge

45
Q

Signs and symptoms of chlamydia of the pharynx

A

Usually asymptomatic

46
Q

Complications of chlamydia

A

Epididymitis or epididymo-orchitis
PID
Subfertility
Chronic pelvic pain
Ectopic pregnancy
Reactive arthritis

47
Q
A

Gynae (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions