Stimulus elicited behaviour

Question 1

Autonomic NS and reflex

Answer 1

Autonomic NS controls smooth muscle, cardiac muscle and glands

Question 2

State reflexes which are not autonomic (7)

Answer 2

Muscle stretch, withdrawal, eye-blink, vestibular-ocular, startle, wiping, orienting

Question 3

Proximal stimulus

Answer 3

Energy stimulates sensory receptors. Reflexes, neurobiology definition

Question 4

Distal stimulus

Answer 4

Perceived object, event, state of affairs in body. Not a reflex, psychology definition

Question 5

Releasing mode of elicitation

Answer 5

Stimulus trigger response in discrete fashion. Independent of stimulus intensity. Same size regardless of strength.

Question 6

Driving mode of elicitation

Answer 6

Stimulus drives response in continuous fashion. Vary with stimulus characteristics. Large stimulus = large response. Characteristics = duration, amplitude/vigour, variation

Question 7

Nocioceptive

Answer 7

Responsive to painful stimuli

Question 8

Chemoreceptive

Answer 8

Responsive to chemicals

Question 9

Thermoreceptive

Answer 9

Responsive to heat/cold

Question 10

Somatosensory neuron (3)

Answer 10

Pseudounipolar, unmyelinated, free nerve endings

Question 11

Monosynaptic reflex arc

Answer 11

Most simple, sensory neuron connects directly to motor. Only 1 monosynaptic skeletomotor reflex. Phasic muscle stretch reflex.

Question 12

2 types of sensory endings

Answer 12

Type 1a efferent, type II afferent

Question 13

Type 1a efferent

Answer 13

Respond to speed at which muscle is getting longer. Slow stretch = weaker. Fast adapting, stronger stimulus = stronger response

Question 14

Type II afferent

Answer 14

Responsive to amount muscle has stretched. Slow adapting, small stretch = weaker. Sustained stimulus = sustained response

Question 15

Knee jerk reflex

Answer 15

Monosynaptic reflex arc. Occurs fast, evokes a large response from 1a efferent. Patellar tendon tapped, deflect towards knee joint. Pulls patellar down, stretches quadriceps.

Question 16

Examples of sequences of muscles

Answer 16

Swallowing, sneezing, coughing, vomiting

Question 17

6 misconceptions of reflexes

Answer 17

Are simple, stereotyped, mediated by spinal circuits, mediated by reflex arcs, repeatable, not acquired or modified

Question 18

Describe modal action patterns

Answer 18

E.g. egg retrieval. Not a reflex, distal stimulus

Question 19

Monosynaptic arc, disynaptic arc

Answer 19

Mono = 0 interneurons, di = 1 interneuron

Question 20

Trisynaptic arc, polysynaptic arc

Answer 20

Tri = 2 interneuron, poly = 3+ interneurons