Process/mechanism in Pavlovian learning Flashcards
Define Pavlovian learning
Learning to predict and anticipate something based on a preceding occurrence or situation
Busy factory floor - lights dim and flicker from time to time…what can we exclude? (5)
Constants e.g. wall colour, events occurring after flickering, events occurring sometimes before and after, events occurring too long before or after, events that aren’t causes e.g drinking coffee
State rules to narrow search for predictive relationships between stimuli (4)
Only stimuli that occur before events are relevant, stimuli occurring before and after are not relevant. Only stimuli that occur within the right period of time are relevant, families stimuli are not relevant
Describe CS-US belongingness
Organisms learn to respond to CS’s as a result of conditioning if CS belongs with US
Explain threat conditioning in primates
Aversive US, non-aversive CS. Animal acquires responses to CS
Describe taste/smell aversion learning
Infants refuse to eat/drink certain things without ever trying them. Can be innate or acquired through experience
List the characteristics of taste/smell aversion learning
Strong/distinctive food/drink, person falls ill. Gastrointestinal symptoms, food/drink evokes a strong aversion. 1 experience is often sufficient.
Describe experiment with rats regarding taste/smell aversions
2 groups, 1 exposed to radiation sickness, 1 exposed to foot shock (US). Later tested with either audio-visual CS alone or flavour CS.
State the results of the experiment with rats and taste aversions
Group 1 - aversion to tasty water, not to bright, noisy water. Group 2 - Aversion to bright, noisy water, not tasty water. Flavour CS belongs with illness inducing US, audio-visual CS belongs with footshock US.
What does the conditioning procedure cause a link between?
Link between auditory receptor and eyelid motor nuclei to become active or formed
Where are nuclei involved in the pathway located?
Pons, midbrain, cerebellum
Describe the circuit in eye-blink conditioning
Cerebellar projections from pons, Neurons in nucleui project to red nucleus, which project to eyelid motor neurons
Explain drug tolerance
Over repeated administrations, effects get smaller. Larger doses are needed to produce the same effects
Define behavioural theory of drug tolerance
CR develops over repetition, tolerance develops
The consequences of taking drugs in the same location is that…
Tolerance is partly due to the CR evoked by situational stimuli. Same dose in another location - may overdose as CR is not elicited
