Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Block 8 week 5 > Stimulant and Synthetic Drugs-Piasecki > Flashcards

Stimulant and Synthetic Drugs-Piasecki Flashcards

1
Q

You are working in an ER and a patient comes in confused and clearly intoxicated with something. The patient’s pupils look jumpy. This finding (nystagmus) is a associated with….?

A

PCP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

A patient’s backpack opens and you see a baggy fall out. Inside of the baggy are small colored tablets that look like candy and a pacifier. This is suspicious for abuse of:

A

Ecstacy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are all the stimulants?

A

Cocaine
Methamphetamine
Ecstasy
Abuse of Rx meds: Ritalin, Focalin, Adderal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What will your eyes, vital signs and behavioral findings look like with stimulants?

A

-dilated pupil

-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Lateral nystagmus is seen in (Blank)

A

alcoholism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the three types of nystagmus?

A

horizontal, vertical, rotary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What foods raise dopamine levels?

A

fats, sweets, and salts (had evolutionary benefit because it allowed us back in the day to survive longer)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are some natural rewards? What do you see elevations in?

A

foods, sex
dopamine!
Food gets dopamine up to 150
sex gets dopamine to 200

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the pleasure center of the brain?

A

nucleus accumbens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What did the mouse experiement show us

A

that sex was better (200) than food (150) and he would work harder for sex than for food and worker harder for food than for nothing.
Then we gave him amphetamines and his dopamine shot up to 1100

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

If you do amphetamines for the first time and his dopamine release went up sooooo high. What happens the second time you use it?

A

it never gets that high again. SO you always chase the high

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Which has the highest amount of dopamine release?

A

Amphetamine>cocaine> nicotine> ethanol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the chronic drug effects?

A

-you get intracellular and functional brain changes that result in behavior changes (psychiatric and addiction)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What did the baboon amphetamine party show?

A

that if you give an animal amphetamines for 10 days straight, it will result in brain changes and reduced release of dopamine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the structural changes due to mehtamphetamine?

A

decreased gray matter
decreased volume
increased white matter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the three major changes with chronic methamphetamine use?

A

Cognition and Mood
Judgment
Craving

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What parts of cognition can be messed up by SUD?

What can cause this?

A

intoxication
withrawal
persistent effects
-alcohol, marijuana, methamphetamine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

When utilizing cocaine, what happens to your DA and 5HT levels during and after use?

A

your Dopamine and serotonin levels rise significantly and then when undergoing withdrawal dip far below baseline leaving you more sad than you started an hence wanting more cocaine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What happens to your exec function? What problems will result from this?

A

you lose it and hence get memory problems, impulse control problems, information processing problems, and motor skills problems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

When you give someone cognitive tests after chronic amphetamine use, what happens?

A

reduced mental flexibility, reduced logical abilities, reduced learning, reduced memory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What were the adult neuropsychological findings at intake of chronic amphetamine users?

A 
Co-Morbid Mental Health Diagnosis (96%)
Executive Functioning Deficits (82%) 
Attention
Cognitive Flexibility
Working Memory
Problem-Solving
Organization
Learning Disabilities (77%)
Math (92%)
Reading (58%)
Writing (25%)
Visual-Spatial/Organizational Deficits (76%)
Language Deficits (45%)
Memory Deficits (49%) 
Below Average Intellectual Abilities (12%)
Above Average Intellectual Abilities (12%)
22
Q

(blank) is the most neurotoxic stimulant

A

methamphetamine

23
Q

Sooo researchers looked at exectuive functioning right when someone quits using stimuants, what did it show?

A

executive functioning is far below normal, then right after quiting will drop even farther below (due to inflammation from withdrawal symptoms) then you slow get increased functioning and are back to baseline if clean for 2 years

24
Q

What are some other related brain changes from chronic use?

A

mood and psychosis problems

25
Q

Ridilin and methamphetamine are known for induced (blank) psycosis

A

paranoid!

26
Q

Meth users often gain depression due to reducing in dopamine and serotonin levels, can their brain ever recover

A

yes if they quit for a long time they can get back to being normal

27
Q

How do you treat and what is the prognosis of stimulants abuse?

A

general substance use disorder tx

  • court involvment helps, mandatory monitoring helps
  • Behavioral therapy
28
Q

What are the clinical signs of synthetic cannabinoid (SPICE) intoxication?

A
  • Altered mental status (confusion, bizarre and agitated behavior)
  • Vomiting
  • Rapid heart rate
  • Elevated blood glucose
  • Elevated potassium.
29
Q

What are the traditional designer drugs?

A

Opioids, hallucinogens, anabolic steroids

30
Q

What are the new wave designer drugs?

A

Stimulants (MDPV)
Synthetic cannabinoids (SPICE)
Others in the pipeline
NBOMe

31
Q

Why would anyone want to take designer drugs?

A
  • dont show up in drug screens
  • “legal”
  • online availabilty
  • sensation seeking “psychonauts”
32
Q

How expensive is it to screen for synthetic cannabinoids? How about bath salts?

A

95$

250$

33
Q

What is spice (AKA K2, synthetic cannabinoids)?

A

a liquid compound that is sprayed on to something that you can smoke

34
Q

Our brain is full of (blank) receptors because we have endogenous cannabinoids. The nucleus accumbens especially.

A

THC

35
Q

(blank) is a mixture of herbs or spices sprayed with synthetic chemicals similar to THC in marijuana but more potent
Smoked

A

Spice or K2

36
Q

What are the synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists?

A

nabilone and dronabinol

JWH compounds

37
Q

WHy is JWH so hard to detect?

A
  • Vit E added to mask active components
  • new compounds regularly emerge with no available reference in lab “libraries”
  • some JWH compounds are identifiable
38
Q

What are the effects of spice on the mind?

A 
Agitation
Anxiety including panic attacks
Depression
Paranoia
Hallucinations
Visual
Auditory
Flashbacks
39
Q

Is spice regulated, tested, or helpful medically?

A

no

40
Q

What are the effects of spice on the body?

A 
Increased blood pressure
Increased heart rate
Cardiac arrest
Blood shot eyes
Insomnia
Tingling, numbness
Vomiting
Seizures
Tremors
Suicidal Thoughts
41
Q

What are bathsalts (MDPV)?

A

synthetic stimulants

42
Q

Has there been any systemic testing on humans with spice or have their been any long term studies with spice?

A

no

43
Q

Spike/K2 is (blank) addicting and one time use has resulted in (blank)

A

physicaly

death

44
Q

How do you use bath salts?

A

same manner as cocaine and methamphetamine

-snorting, smoking, injection (slam em), swalllowing in water

45
Q

What are the effects of bath salts?

A
  • insomnia
  • agitation, easily angered
  • extreme energy
  • hallucinations
  • high body temp
  • kidney failure
  • increased blood pressure
  • increased heart rate
46
Q

What schedule are cannabimemetic agents in and what do they bind to?

A

schedule 1

-cannabinoid type 1 receptor

47
Q

Why doesnt the government outlaw cannabimemtic agents?

A

because they just keep changing the chemical compound.

48
Q

Is there any medicinal value in cannabimemetic agents?

A

no

49
Q

What can you band to help people from killing themselves with synthetics?

A

a chemical class

50
Q

How many JWH series compounds are there and how many are being used?

A

470

24

51
Q

What are screening specific questions?

A

Have you ever used marijuana?
Have you experimented with Spice or synthetic marijuana?
Have you ever used methamphetamine (or cocaine)?
Have you experimented with Bath Salts?

52
Q

Since there are no comprehensive tests for detection- what do you use?

A

screening questions

Block 8 week 5 (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions