STI's

Question 1

What are the bacterial STI’s ?

Answer 1

Chlamydia
Gonorrhea
Syphilis

Question 2

What are the viral STI’s ?

Answer 2

HPV
Hepatitis B
HSV
HIV

Question 3

What are the parasitic infections?

Answer 3

Lice

Mites (scabies)

Question 4

What is the gonorrhea transmission?

Answer 4

Intercourse and congenital

Question 5

What is a folite?

Answer 5

Contaminated objects

Question 6

What does gonorrhea need to survive?

Answer 6

Co2 and nutrients

Question 7

What is the pathophys of gonorrhea?

Answer 7

Female: infected cervix -> uterus + fallopian tubes
Male: urethra rectum (stays there)

Attached to epithelium -> mucosal invasion + damage

Intense inflammation -> urethra/uterus fills with exudate

Question 8

What are the manifestations of gonorrhea ?

Answer 8

Ophtamlmia neonatorum
Pharyngitis
Rectal bleed and discharge
Conjunctivitis

Female: pelvic inflammation disease (PID) & fallopian tube inflammation
Increase infertility risk

Male: urethral strictures: prostatis, epididymitis

Question 9

What are the stages of syphilis?

Answer 9

1. Local invasion
2. Systemic. Immune response. Condolymata lata.
3. latent
4. Morbidity, Gummas, hypersensitivity ulcers, heart/skin/bone/neuro

Question 10

What is the mode of transmission of syphilis ?

Answer 10

Extragenital
Intercourse
Congenital

Question 11

What is the specification of Chlamydia?

Answer 11

Behaves like a virus

Elementary body =resilient inactive bacteria
➡️ entry via attachment and endocytosis ➡️ elementary body ➡️ reticulate body = active replication bacteria

Question 12

What is the transmission mode of chlamydia?

Answer 12

Intercourse

Congenital

Question 13

What are the manifestations of chlamydia ?

Answer 13

Frequently asymptomatic

Ocular trachoma
Lymphogranuloma strain

Question 14

What are the transmission mode of genital herpes?

Answer 14

Intercourse
Congenital

Women more than men

Question 15

What is the pathophys of genital herpes?

Answer 15

Skin opening ➡️ replication ➡️ neurons ➡️ sacfal nerve ➡️ latency in dorsal root ganglion ➡️ stress/immunosup/metruation/UVB ➡️ reactivation

Question 16

What are the manifestations of genital herpes ?

Answer 16

1. Non-primary HSV (with hsv antibodies) ➡️ less sx and shedding lesions
2. Primary genital infection (no Ab) ➡️ fever, muscles ache, less diuresis
3. Recurrent infections (HSV 2 more than 1) ➡️ mild local Sx, shedding lesions
4. Neonate infection (CNS lesions, seizures, mortality)

Question 17

What are the mkst danferous strands of human papillomavirus ?

Answer 17

6, 11, 16, 18

Question 18

What are the HPV (papillomavirus) manif?

Answer 18

Condylomara acuminate

• contagious ++
• painful Intercourse
• bleed easy

Giat cauliflower-like condylomata acuminate (cancer?)

Question 19

What is scabies ?

Answer 19

Mites burrow to lay eggs
Long skin expo to parasites (intercourse, fomites)

Manif: pruritus

Question 20

What is HIV?

Answer 20

RNA retrovirus

Question 21

What cells does HIV target?

Answer 21

CD4 helper t-cells & macrophages

Question 22

Wjat is thhe HIV life cycle?

Answer 22

1. Virion bind to CD4 + chemokin receptor
2. Fusion whit HIV membrane and host membrane
3. Entry of viral genome in cytoplasm
4. HIV RNA + reverse transcriptase = proviral DNA
5. Intregration of provirus (DNA integrase) in host cell genome
6. Synthesis HIV proteins
7. Assemble virions
8. Exocytosis
9. Release of mature virion (new HIV virion)

Question 23

What are the crucial HIV proteins?

Answer 23

gp120: CD4 $ CXCR4 or CCR5 binding
gp41: entry across membrane

Reverse transcriptase: RNA -> DNA conversion
DNA integrase: DNA insertion in host genome

Question 24

How does HIV becomme AIDS?

Answer 24

Increase in HIV count

Decrease in CD4 + Th count

Question 25

Ehat are the infection sites of HIV?

Answer 25

1. Lymph nodes 2. Dendritic cell and mucosal T-cells spread infection 3. Sometime Thymus and bone marrow involved 4. Reservoirs (GI, CNS)

Question 26

What are the manifestations of HIV?

Answer 26

``` Kaposi sarcoma Anorexia HSV Cytom egalovirus Retinitis Vision deficits ```

Question 27

What is a window period, in HIV?

Answer 27

Virus present, but no antibodies

Question 28

What happens to HIV infected cells?

Answer 28

Killed by cytotoxic T-cels

Question 29

What happens to unifected cells?

Answer 29

Inderect induction of apoptosis By gp120 and partial fusion

Question 30

HIV to AIDS progression

Answer 30

``` Seropositive test (antibodies p4) Clinical latency ``` CD4 count less than 200 cells/ul