STI Drugs And Symptoms Flashcards
Trachomatis Cause Infection site Spread Symptoms for men Symptoms for women
Infects cervix, urethra, rectum and eyes
Symptoms for Men: asymptomatic in 50%
- White, cloudy penile discharge
- Pain when passing urine (dysuria)
- Pain in testicles
Symptoms for women: asymptomatic in 70%
- vaginal discharge
- itching/sore vulva
- dysuria/abdominal pain
- irregular menstrual bleeding
- bleeding after sex
Trachomatis symptoms for both sexes
Infection in eyes, can cause swelling, pain, irritation, discharge
Treatment of Trachomatis
Single dose Azithromycin 1g
OR 7 days doxycycline 100mg BD
OR 14 days erythromycin 500mg BD
The national chlamydia screening programme may reduce…
- PID
- ectopic pregnancy
- epido-orctitis
- sexually-acquired reactive arthiritis (SARA)
Chlamydia risk factors
Age under 25
New sexual partner
Lack of barrier contraception
Chlamydia tests
NAAT - nucleic acid amplification tests - swab or urine, can be done in healthcare setting or in post - e.g. RUClear?
Contact tracing
Partner notification
Treatment of chlamydia
Azithromycin (now a P medicine)
Can be done under PGD
Gonococcal urethritis Cause Infection site Spread Symptoms for men for gonorrhoea Symptoms for women for gonorrhoea
Neisseria gonorrhoeae inflammation/irritation inside urethra rectal, eye, throat infections Symptoms in men: -urethritis -dysuria -inflamed foreskin -white/yellow/green discharge -infection of testicles and epididymidis i.e. Swelling
Symptoms in women:
- infection of the cervix causes:
- white/yellow/green thin/watery vagina discharge
- dysuria
- infection of uterus and fallopian tubes - abdominal pain
Treatment for gonorrhoea
Ceftriaxone 500mg IM + Azithromycin 1g PO single dose
OR
Ceftixime 400mg PO + Azithromycin 1g PO single dose
Cause of non-gonoccal urethritis
-Chlamydia trachomatis - 30-50%
-Ureaplasma urealyticum - 10-30%
-Mycoplasma genitalum - 20%
-Not known - 30%
Therefore treat as chlamydia
Signs and symptoms of non-gonococcal urethritis
Treatment
Dysuria Penile tip irritation Discharge from penis (clear, creamy, yellow) Sometimes symptom free Same as chlamydia
Causative organism of vaginal discharge for a fungal infection
Candida albicans
Causative organism of vaginal discharge for a protocoal infection
Trichomonas vaginalis
Causative organism of vaginal discharge for a bacterial infection
Gardenerella vaginalis
Chlamydia trachomatis
Non-microorganism causes of vaginal discharge changes
- cervical/uterine cancer
- physical changes e.g. Lost tampon, pregnancy
Bacterial Vaginosis
More common in…
Cause
Symptoms
Not exclusively an STI
More common in black women, sexually active, smokers, intrauterine device
Causative organisms: Gardenella vaginalis and other anaerobic bacteria
Caused often by washing away normal vaginal flora, leading to overgrowth of anaerobic bacteria due to increase in pH
Symptoms:
Asymptomatic, grey/white discharge, fishy shell, not associated with pain/itching/soreness
Treatment for bacterial vaginosis
Metronidazole PO 400mg BD for 7 days
OR
Clindamycin PO 300mg for 7 days
Intravaginal gels: metronidazole, clindamycin
Trichonmoniasis
Cause
Transmission
Symptoms
-Transmitted via sex and by sharing towels
-more common in women
Caused by Trichomonas vaginalis (protozoan)
10-50% asymptomatic
-Itchy and sore vulva
-yellow, frothy discharge that smells fishy
-dysuria
-pain during sex
Trichomoniasis treatment
Metronidazole PO 2g single dose OR
Metronidazole BD for 7 days (400mg?)
Treatment failure is common
Genital Herpes
Causative organism
Affected areas
Signs/symptoms
Herpes simplex virus 1 and 2
Affects: mouth/nose, fingers/hands, anus/genitals
-tingling sensation followed by a small fluid filled blisters
-blisters burst to reveal ulcers
-flu-like symptoms
Treatment of genital herpes
Oral aciclovir 200mg 5 times/day for 5 days, started as soon as prodromal symptoms become apparent
Topical aciclovir 5% cream applied 5 times a day for 5 days, first bout may take 2-4 weeks to heal (highly infectious at this time) may need prophylactic therapy
Syphilis
Cause
Transmission
Treponema pallidum
Transmission via direct contact with infected lesion
Symptoms of primary syphilis and the time period
0-90 days post infection
- painless, highly infective ulcer at site of infection (chancre)
- lymphoidenopathy
- heals without treatment in 2-6 weeks
Symptoms of secondary syphilis and time period
Still infective until when?
4-10 weeks
-Non-irridating rash on chest, back, palms of hands and soles of feet
-hoarseness
-lymph node enlargement
-wart-like growths
Symptoms can resolve w/o treatment - latent
Sexually infectious until 2 years after secondary syphilis
