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Drugs > STI Drugs And Symptoms > Flashcards

STI Drugs And Symptoms Flashcards

1
Q 
Trachomatis
Cause 
Infection site 
Spread
Symptoms for men
Symptoms for women
A

Infects cervix, urethra, rectum and eyes

Symptoms for Men: asymptomatic in 50%

  • White, cloudy penile discharge
  • Pain when passing urine (dysuria)
  • Pain in testicles

Symptoms for women: asymptomatic in 70%

  • vaginal discharge
  • itching/sore vulva
  • dysuria/abdominal pain
  • irregular menstrual bleeding
  • bleeding after sex
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2
Q

Trachomatis symptoms for both sexes

A

Infection in eyes, can cause swelling, pain, irritation, discharge

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3
Q

Treatment of Trachomatis

A

Single dose Azithromycin 1g
OR 7 days doxycycline 100mg BD
OR 14 days erythromycin 500mg BD

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4
Q

The national chlamydia screening programme may reduce…

A
  • PID
  • ectopic pregnancy
  • epido-orctitis
  • sexually-acquired reactive arthiritis (SARA)
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5
Q

Chlamydia risk factors

A

Age under 25
New sexual partner
Lack of barrier contraception

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6
Q

Chlamydia tests

A

NAAT - nucleic acid amplification tests - swab or urine, can be done in healthcare setting or in post - e.g. RUClear?
Contact tracing
Partner notification

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7
Q

Treatment of chlamydia

A

Azithromycin (now a P medicine)

Can be done under PGD

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8
Q 
Gonococcal urethritis
Cause 
Infection site 
Spread
Symptoms for men for gonorrhoea 
Symptoms for women for gonorrhoea
A 
Neisseria gonorrhoeae 
inflammation/irritation inside urethra 
rectal, eye, throat infections
Symptoms in men:
-urethritis 
-dysuria 
-inflamed foreskin
-white/yellow/green discharge 
-infection of testicles and epididymidis i.e. Swelling

Symptoms in women:

  • infection of the cervix causes:
  • white/yellow/green thin/watery vagina discharge
  • dysuria
  • infection of uterus and fallopian tubes - abdominal pain
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9
Q

Treatment for gonorrhoea

A

Ceftriaxone 500mg IM + Azithromycin 1g PO single dose
OR
Ceftixime 400mg PO + Azithromycin 1g PO single dose

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10
Q

Cause of non-gonoccal urethritis

A

-Chlamydia trachomatis - 30-50%
-Ureaplasma urealyticum - 10-30%
-Mycoplasma genitalum - 20%
-Not known - 30%
Therefore treat as chlamydia

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11
Q

Signs and symptoms of non-gonococcal urethritis

Treatment

A 
Dysuria 
Penile tip irritation 
Discharge from penis (clear, creamy, yellow) 
Sometimes symptom free
Same as chlamydia
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12
Q

Causative organism of vaginal discharge for a fungal infection

A

Candida albicans

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13
Q

Causative organism of vaginal discharge for a protocoal infection

A

Trichomonas vaginalis

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14
Q

Causative organism of vaginal discharge for a bacterial infection

A

Gardenerella vaginalis

Chlamydia trachomatis

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15
Q

Non-microorganism causes of vaginal discharge changes

A
  • cervical/uterine cancer

- physical changes e.g. Lost tampon, pregnancy

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16
Q

Bacterial Vaginosis
More common in…
Cause
Symptoms

A

Not exclusively an STI
More common in black women, sexually active, smokers, intrauterine device
Causative organisms: Gardenella vaginalis and other anaerobic bacteria
Caused often by washing away normal vaginal flora, leading to overgrowth of anaerobic bacteria due to increase in pH
Symptoms:
Asymptomatic, grey/white discharge, fishy shell, not associated with pain/itching/soreness

17
Q

Treatment for bacterial vaginosis

A

Metronidazole PO 400mg BD for 7 days
OR
Clindamycin PO 300mg for 7 days

Intravaginal gels: metronidazole, clindamycin

18
Q

Trichonmoniasis
Cause
Transmission
Symptoms

A

-Transmitted via sex and by sharing towels
-more common in women
Caused by Trichomonas vaginalis (protozoan)
10-50% asymptomatic
-Itchy and sore vulva
-yellow, frothy discharge that smells fishy
-dysuria
-pain during sex

19
Q

Trichomoniasis treatment

A

Metronidazole PO 2g single dose OR
Metronidazole BD for 7 days (400mg?)
Treatment failure is common

20
Q

Genital Herpes
Causative organism
Affected areas
Signs/symptoms

A

Herpes simplex virus 1 and 2
Affects: mouth/nose, fingers/hands, anus/genitals
-tingling sensation followed by a small fluid filled blisters
-blisters burst to reveal ulcers
-flu-like symptoms

21
Q

Treatment of genital herpes

A

Oral aciclovir 200mg 5 times/day for 5 days, started as soon as prodromal symptoms become apparent
Topical aciclovir 5% cream applied 5 times a day for 5 days, first bout may take 2-4 weeks to heal (highly infectious at this time) may need prophylactic therapy

22
Q

Syphilis
Cause
Transmission

A

Treponema pallidum

Transmission via direct contact with infected lesion

23
Q

Symptoms of primary syphilis and the time period

A

0-90 days post infection

  • painless, highly infective ulcer at site of infection (chancre)
  • lymphoidenopathy
  • heals without treatment in 2-6 weeks
24
Q

Symptoms of secondary syphilis and time period

Still infective until when?

A

4-10 weeks
-Non-irridating rash on chest, back, palms of hands and soles of feet
-hoarseness
-lymph node enlargement
-wart-like growths
Symptoms can resolve w/o treatment - latent
Sexually infectious until 2 years after secondary syphilis

25
Q

Symptoms and time frame of tertiary syphilis

A

3-15 years post-infection

  • Neurological disease (cognitive impairment)
  • Changes in mood and personality
  • CVD e.g. MI, CCF
  • Gummas (soft tumour-like balls that can occur anywhere, typically bone and skin)
  • congenital syphilis
26
Q

Treatment for early syphilis

A

Early/incubating syphilis:
-IM Benzathine penicilin G, 2.4 MU single dose,
OR
Procaine penicillin G 600,000 units IM for 10 days

If peniciilin allergy: doxycycline 100mg BD for 14 days

27
Q

Treatment for late syphilis

A

> 2yrs after infection is what this is defined as
IM Benzathine penicillin G 2.4MU weekly for 2 weeks
OR
Procaine penicillin G 600,000 units IM for 17 days

If allergic to penicillin then doxycycline 100mg BD for 28 days

28
Q

Ano-genital warts
Cause
Signs/symptoms
Treatment

A

Human papilloma virus (HPV)
-smooth, flat bumps or large cauliflower-like lumps, painless but itchy
Treated with:
-Podophyllotoxin 0.5% BD for 3 days, can be repeated weekly to maximum of 4-5 courses
-imiquimod 5% applied 3 times a week. Applied at night for 6-10 hours then washed (max 16 weeks)
-scissor incision: freezing, electrocautery, surgery (rare), may be associated with pre-cancerous changes in cervix , high recurrence rate

29
Q

HPV vaccine
Names
Licensed for

A

Cervarix and Gardasil - licensed for females aged 9-26
protects against HPV types 6,11,16,18
6 and 11 - warts
16 and 18 - cancer
Uk:
Two doses of Gardasil given 1 year apart to girls aged 11-14

Drugs (9 decks)

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