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NUR 220 > STI > Flashcards

STI Flashcards

1
Q

how is hpv transmitted

A

Intimate skin to
skin contact; Vaginal, Anal,
Oral sex

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2
Q

clinical signs hpv

A

Wart-like growths in
perineal area
* Body can clear most
infections within two years,
some infections persist

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3
Q

maternal/fetal effects of hpv

A

Lesions grow more rapidly during
pregnancy (affects vaginal birth)
* #1 cause of cervical, vaginal, penile,
oropharyngeal cancers
* Rarely transmitted through the placenta

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4
Q

plan of care hpv

A

Plan of Care:
* No cure
* Vaccinate
* Can be spread
without active lesions
* Regular Pap smears
* Trichloroacetic acid
* Laser or surgical removal
Vaccine:
* Gardasil 9
* Children 11-12: 2 vaccines 6-
12 months apart; if less than
5 months apart, will require
3rd shot
* If 15 or older, 3 doses
of vaccine over 6 months
* Women up to age 26 and
men up to 21

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5
Q

how is herpes transmitted

A

Direct contact
with person shedding the virus

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6
Q

clinical signs herpes

A

Primary outbreak: malaise,
muscle aches, headache,
painful lesions
* Subsequent outbreaks are
less severe with shorter
duration

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7
Q

maternal/fetla effects herpes

A

PTB (Preterm birth)
* Dermatological scarring
* Microcephaly
* Encephalitis
* Vaginal birth is
contraindicated with an
active outbreak
* Neonatal sepsis/death

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8
Q

herpes plan of care

A

Abstain from sexual contact
during outbreak
* No cure
* Acyclovir, valacyclovir,
famciclovir to improve
quality of life
Pregnancy:
* Suppressive therapy starting
at 36 weeks gestation
through delivery

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9
Q

hiv clinical signs

A

Progressive disease
which results in AIDS
* Fever, rash,
pharyngitis, myalgia
* Opportunistic
infections mean the
person has AIDS

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10
Q

hiv maternal/fetal effects

A

Spread through
childbirth and
breastfeeding
* PTB
* IUGR
* Perinatal mortality-
higher if woman is
untreated

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11
Q

plan of care hiv

A

Antiretroviral therapy
(zidovudine)
* Assess viral load q 3 months
* Scheduled cesarean (if viral load >
1,000)

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12
Q

goals of therapy hiv

A

Decrease viral load
* Restore the body’s
ability to fight
pathogens
* Improve quality of
life
* Reduce morbidity
and mortality

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13
Q

is chlamydia bacteria or viral

A

bacterial

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14
Q

how is clamydia transmitted

A

vaginal
anal
oral sex

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15
Q

clinical signs chlamydia

A

Most are
asymptomatic
* Mucopurulent
discharge
* Dysuria
* Dysfunctional
uterine bleeding

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16
Q

maternal/fetal effects chlamydia

A

Salpingitis
* Endometritis
* PID, infertility
* Ectopic pregnancy
* PROM, PTB
* Opthalmia neonatorum
* Neonatal pneumonia

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17
Q

chlamydia plan of care

A

Azithromycin 1 gm PO x 1 dose OR doxyclycline 100
mg PO x 7 days
* Treat partners
* Abstain for 7 days after completion of treatment
* Test of Cure three weeks later if pregnant or
symptoms persist

18
Q

is gonorrhea bacteria or viral

A

bacterial

19
Q

how is gonorrhea transmitted

A

vaginal, Anal, or Oral
sex; and from maternal to newborn

20
Q

clinical signs of gonorrhea

A

Commonly asymptomatic
* Vaginal discharge
* Abnormal vaginal bleeding
* Dysuria
* Co-exists with chlamydia

21
Q

maternal/ fetal effects of gonorrhea

A

PID, infertility
* PROM
* Disseminated infection
* Opthalmia neonatorum
* Chorioamnionitis
* Postpartum endometritis

22
Q

plam of care gonorrhea

A

Ceftriaxone 250 mg IM x 1 dose
* Azithromycin 1 gm PO x 1 dose
* Add doxyclycline if also positive for chlamydia

23
Q

is syphilis bacterial or viral

A

bactera

24
Q

how is syphillis transmitted

A

vaginal and oral sex

25
Q

clinical signs of syphilis

A

Primary: painless chancre
(round, ulcerated lesion with
raised edges)
* Secondary: flu-like, sore throat,
weight loss, rash on trunk,
palms, and soles
* Latency: asymptomatic, +
serology
* Tertiary: life-threatening heart
and neurological disease

26
Q

maternal/fetal effects of syphilis

A

Death if untreated
* Congenital Syphilis
* PTB
* Fetal Death
* Pericarditis
* Jaundice
* Anemia

27
Q

plan of care syph

A

Plan of Care:
* Penicillin G IM or IV: treatment of choice, specific regimen and
duration depends on length of infection
* Kills bacteria and precent further damage, but does not reverse damage
* Re-evaluate at 6 and 12 months after treatment

28
Q

mothers should not kiss their baby with a cold sore since they will be transmitting…

A

hsv

29
Q

how is bacterial vaginosis transmitted

A

Not sexually transmitted
(linked to new sex partner and/or
multiple sex partners)

30
Q

clinical signs of bacterial vaginosis

A

Change in normal flora:
lactobacilli in the vagina are
replaced with anaerobic
bacteria
* Thin white or grey discharge
* “Fishy” odor
* Vaginal pH 4.5

31
Q

maternal/fetal effects bacterial vaginosis

A

PTB
* LBW
* Chorioamnionitis
* Postpartum endometritis
* PID

32
Q

plan of care bacterial vaginosis

A

Metronidazole 500 mg PO bid x 7 days
* OR
* Gel, 0.75%, one full applicator, intravaginally, once a day x 5 days

33
Q

clinical signs of yeast infections

A

Pruritus
* Irritation
* Tick, white, cottage cheese
like discharge
* Dyspareunia
* Vaginal soreness
* Erythema

34
Q

maternal/fetal effects of yeast infection

A

Increased incidence in
pregnancy
* Newborn thrush

35
Q

plan of care yeast infection

A

Micronazole cream or
suppository
* Clotrimazole PO or cream
* Terconazole cream or
suppository
* Fluconazole 150 mg PO x 1
* These agents may weaken latex
condoms
* Cotton underwear
* Avoid tight pants

36
Q

what is trichomoniasis

A

parasite

37
Q

how is trichomoniasis transmitted

A

Penis to Vagina
and/or Vagina to Vagina

38
Q

clinical sigsn trichomoniasis

A

Frothy grey or yellow/green
discharge
* Foul odor
* Erythema, pruritus and edema of
external genitalia
* Dysuria
* Dyspareunia
* Vaginal pH >4.5

39
Q

maternal/fetal effects trichomoniasis

A

Increased risk of HIV transmission
* PTB
* PROM
* LBW infants

40
Q

plan of care trichomoniasis

A

Metronidazole 2 GM po x 1 dose
* Avoid alcohol while taking
metronidazole
* Treat partner

41
Q
A

NUR 220 (6 decks)

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