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Endocrinology > Steroidogenesis Enzymes > Flashcards

Steroidogenesis Enzymes Flashcards

1
Q

HMG-CoA reductase

A

Acetyl-CoA —> cholesterol

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2
Q

P450SCC

A

Cholesterol —> pregnenolone

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3
Q

P450C17

A

pregnenolone –> DHEA

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4
Q

3β-HSD

A

pregnenolone –> progesterone

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5
Q

P450C21

A

progesterone –> intermediate for cortisol, corticosterone, and aldosterone

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6
Q

P450C11

A

nonactive intermediate –> cortisol or corticosterone

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7
Q

P450ALDO

A

corticosterone –> aldosterone

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8
Q

P450ARO

A

testosterone –> 17β-estradiol

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9
Q

5α-reductase

A

testosterone –> DHT

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10
Q

1α-reductase

A

25-hydroxycholecacalciferol –> 1,25-hydroxycholecalcalciferol (active vitamin D3)

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11
Q

Where is vitamin D3 synthesized?

A

kidneys

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12
Q

Where are the glucocorticoids (cortisol and corticosterone) synthesized?

A

adrenal cortex

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13
Q

Where are the adrenal androgens (mainly DHEA) synthesized?

A

adrenal cortex (Δ5 pathway)

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14
Q

Where are mineralocorticoids (aldosterone) synthesized?

A

adrenal cortex

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15
Q

Where are gonadal androgens (testosterone and DHT) synthesized?

A

gonads

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16
Q

Where are estrogen (17β-estradiol) and progesterone produced?

A

gonads & placenta

17
Q

Where is dopamine produced?

A

parvocellular neurons of the arcuate nucleus (hypothalamus)

18
Q

Where is norepinephrine produced?

A

SNS postganglionic neurons

19
Q

Where is epinephrine produced?

A

adrenal medulla

20
Q

What are catecholamines?

A

dopamine, NE, epi

21
Q

Where is melatonin produced?

A

pinealocytes

22
Q

Where is thyroid hormone produced?

A

thyroid gland

23
Q

Where are peptide hormones produced?

A

every endocrine organ except the adrenal gland

24
Q

Examples of amine hormones

A

melatonin, catecholamines, thyroid hormones

Endocrinology (3 decks)

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