Sterilization and Disinfectant Flashcards
Total inactivation of all forms of microbial life
Sterilization
Most resistant to sterilization
Spores
Least resistant to sterilization
Viruses
Destruction of microorganism capable of causing infection by means of germicidal agent
Disinfection
T/F: Disinfectants are not necessarily sporicidal but they are sporostatic
True
Agent that kills a microorganism
Germicide
Germicide which inhibits the growth of bacteria
Bacteriostatic
Germicide that kills bacteria
Bactericidal
Topical chemical agent applied to a body surface or living tissue that kills or inhibits the growth of pathogenic microorganisms
Antiseptic
Use of disinfectant to lower microbial content of inanimate objects
Sanitization
T/F: Antiseptic is bactericidal in action
False
T/F: Antiseptic is used at lowest concentration that results to desired effect
True
Prevention of multiplication of microorganisms in formulated objects
Preservation
Most reliable method of sterilization
Heat
T/F: Dry heat is preferred over moist heat for sterilization
False
Heat kills microorganisms by?
Protein denaturation
Most efficient form of sterilization by heat
Autoclaving
T/F: Boiling kills all vegetative forms of pathogenic organisms but not bacterial endospores
True
Used for sterilizing materials that would be damaged by autoclaving
Fractional sterilization or tyndallization
T/F: Relatively heat-resistant bacteria survive pasteurization and are likely to cause disease or cause refrigerated pasteurized products to spoil
False
Dry heat kills microorganisms by?
Oxidation effects
Most widely used form of dry heat
Hot air oven
Form of dry heat used in decontamination of waste items prior to disposal
Incineration
Form of dry heat used in inoculating loops and needles
Red heat flame
T/F: Bacterial spores are resistant to drying or dessication
True
Inhibiting bacterial metabolism and growth by exposing it to very low temperatures
Freezing and lyophilization
T/F: Freezing destroys microorganisms
False
Most effective bactericidal
Ultraviolet light
T/F: Ionizing radiation has greater penetrating ability than UVL
True
Cationic compounds are most effective at?
Alkaline pH
T/F: Cationic compounds have an effect on lipid-enveloped viruses
False
Disrupts lipoprotein framework of the CM; most effective at acid pH
Anionic compounds
Causes leakage of cell contents and irreversible inactivation of membrane bound oxidases and dehydrogenases
Phenolic compounds
T/F: Alcohols are sporicidal
False
Acids and alkalis are for
Protein denaturation
Exert their action through free H and OH ions and alter the pH of the organism’s environment
Acids and alkalis
Inactivates enzymes converting functional SH groups to oxidized S-S for stronger agents
Oxidizing agents
Oxidizing agents that destroy the cellular activity of proteins
Halogens
Best antiseptic
Iodine
